JAPANESE LAND LEECHES. 297 



the other by OrohdeUa. If we consider the extreme difference in the 

 mode of Jife of these two genera of leeches, it is no wonder that a 

 terrestrial abode works on various organs differently in the animals in 

 question. 



The bladder does not open directly on the outside of the integu- 

 ment. A portion of the epidermal layer forms a tube-like invagination 

 at the place where the bladder opens, and serves as an evacuatory canal. 

 Yejdovsky (1883) stated that nephridial bladders are present in all the 

 genera of leeches, even in Glossosiphoiu'a, but here he reckoned this 

 tubular portion of the dermal epithelium for the bladder, which 

 itself is wanting. In OrohdeUa this portion is of an insignificant 

 length and might very easily he overlooked. 



Testes. The male genital elements are formed in spherical 

 capsules arranged longitudinally on both sides of the ventral nerve- 

 chain. There are generally 90-100 pairs of such capsules. In this 

 respect OrohdeUa finds its nearest ally in LumhricohdeUa which, 

 according to Kennel (1886), has about 90-93 pairs. These capsules 

 are divided into groups of nine or ten liy the forebranch of the lateral 

 nerves and the nephridial bladder (Fig. 8, PI. XXX). Each capsule 

 is lined by flat cells all around, except at one point where the testis 

 communicates with the vas deferens. Here, the cells formins" the wall 

 of the capsule becomes higher and columnar and form a sort of ciliated 

 funnel with the narrower end (jpening into the vas deferens. This 

 latter duct runs along the outer side of the row of capsules, and after 

 making several convolutions at the front end, joins the vas deferens of 

 the other side and finally opens into the cavity just within the ex- 

 ternal male orifice. 



About the temale genital organ I have nothing specially 

 to mention. OrohdeUa seems to be protandrous, the ovaries ripening 

 much later than the testes. In young specimens the ovaries are very 



