26 AKT. 2-S. YOSHIWARA: 



distorted, hard and slate-like, and is Tertiary or eAeii older ; Avliilethe 

 other one is less distorted and has the aspect of a more recent 

 Tertiary. 



"^'akii-sliinia is entirely destitute of Hat land, and the highest peak 

 has an elevation of 63-15 ft. The central portion is entirely granite. 

 Only around the coast do we find clay slate and sandstone, whicli are 

 older tlian the granite, as in Oshima, Tokuno-shima and other islands. 



The island Make-jima lying near Tanega-shima is composed of 

 Tertiary sediments. The four islands of neovolcanic rocks (andésites), 

 Kuchinoerabu-jima, Kuro-shima, Iwô-jima and Take-shima, are 

 situated on a line connecting the islands of the Tokara group with some 

 volcanoes in Kyushu, such as Kaimon-dake, Sakura-jima and Iviri- 

 shima-yama. According to Mr. Yamagami Iwö-jima lias a, cratei- 

 at the summit, which is now vigorously emitting sidphuretted 

 hydrogen gas. Kuchinoerabu-jima has also a distinct crater which 

 emits the same gas. In 1839, a great eruption took place in the 

 latter island, and many persons were buried in the ejectamenta. 



IV. THE OKINAWA GROUP. 



lîesides tlie main island, Okinawa, with its numerous dependent 

 islets, such as Kudaka, Tsuken, Kouri, Miyagusuku, Ike, le, Sesoko, 

 Minna, Yagaji, Ö, Shitomo and others, this group includes the islands 

 of the Iheya subgroup (five in number), those of Kerama subgrouj) 

 (m(3re than twelve) and tlie islands of Kume, T(3naki, Aguni and 

 Ion. 



(Jkinaiva-jnna and its Dtyendent Islets, 'i'he principal ])art of Oki- 

 nawajima trends from XE to SW, and the southern part from xs to ^^. 

 The former, being almost entirely l^ahoozoic, is mostly mountainous 



