2 AKT. f,.— S. VOSHIWAIVA AND .1. [WASAKf. 



teeth 0Ï ('(iir]i(iri((s jitiioniciis ScuLKc,,, Solen, and impressions of some 

 land plants (IM. 111. Wu;. <• :i)- ' ''*' <><-<"Hi"i'fnce of thcsu j)]ant- 

 remains sliows tliat the deposits, altliouuii marine, arc oi" a shallow 

 water oi'iuin. 



About halt" a mile from the above locality, and in a stratum 

 identical in auc with that of the above mentioned sandstone, Mr. 

 YosHiWAUA duu" out a part of the lower jaw of a RJiittoceros with some 

 teeth in the sockets, lîones of another species of Rliinuccros were 

 also found bv him in the Xeoii'ene tufaceous sandstone of Hazaki, 

 about () miles from rogai'i. Tiiis was the first time that the remains 

 of Rhinoceros had ever been discovered in Japan. 



Detailed examination of the fossil skull mentioned seems to show 

 manv characters which are different from those of any other mammal 

 hitherto described. A few ])eculiarly shaped bunodont molars and 

 manv tusk-like incisors, touethei- with the long, narrow, fiat and 

 straight upper jaw, and a large, anteriorly placed, united nasal 

 foramen are some of the significant characters which distinguish the 

 fossil. The shape of the molars strongly reminds us of those in the 

 Mastodon; but the peculiar arrangement of their cus[)s, the presence 

 of manv thieklv enamelled incisors in both jaws, and the general 

 outline of the skidl, exclude the idea of the fossil belonging to that 

 genus. rndee(l in the shape of the skull oui- fossil resembles some of 

 the Ungulates, amongst which order the groups ])ossessing the 

 bunodont teeth — a type of teeth generally considered to be of a 

 primitive character — are represented by the Condylarthra, the primitive 

 Equidu' (such as the Ilyracotheririie) among the I'erissodactvla, 

 and the lituiodoiitia among the Artiodactyla. l>ut the small number of 

 molars — ^viz. two j)remolars and one or two molars on each side of the 

 jaw, — and six horizontal tusk-like incisors, together with the fact 

 that the anterior end of the u|)pei" jaw protrudes somewhat over the 



