AN OROGB M'lllc SKETCH OF KOREA. ;< 



geology of the country, which were the main scopes of my two 

 journeys. 



As is well known, the outline of Italy is compared to thai of 

 a boot. That of Korea may be taken to represent a rabbil in a 

 standing position with ChyoT-la Do 1 } for the hind legs, Chhyuno*. 

 chhyöng Do for the anterior extremities, Hoang-häi Do and Phvong- 

 an Do for the head, and Ham-gyöng Do lor the disproportionallv 

 large ear ; Kang-uön Do and Kyöng-syang 2) Do will then correspond 

 to the shoulders and back. 



The Koreans have their own fictitious representation of the 

 outline of their country. The figure, they imagine, is that of an old 

 man"', his back bent with age, his arms folded in the attitude of 

 paying paternal homage to China. They thought their country was 

 by nature formed to be a dependency of the Middle Kingdom, and 

 this notion drove its roots deep into the mind of the literary class, 

 though it has been dispelled since the Si no- Japanese war of 1994-'95. 



About Korea much has already been written from direct and in- 

 direct observations, lint the descriptions of her land-features generally 

 run in the same loose style in almost every work, without any principle 

 based on the internal structure as manifested in the external topo- 

 graphy. In my line of study \ have only two names to mention, 

 VIZ., those of v. RlCHTHOFEN and Dr. C. GoTTSCHE, whose works are. 



1) The peninsula is divided into eight Do or departments, viz., Hoangdiäi Da (föf&ül) 

 Phyöng-an Do (*P3cil), Baua-gyöng Do (j&lil), Kang-uön Do (vi/Sil). Kyöng-geui Do <£!£ 

 il). Chhyung-chhyong Do (S'.fgü), Chyol-hi Do (£rHvI), Kyöng-syang Do (Jgföü). the latter, 

 three being collectively called the Sam-nam or the Southern Three. 



2) In Korean geographical names the y is mute wheu preceded by s. 



3) Xo doubt, Korea is also geologically :i very old land, to which t';irt I shall frequently 

 advert in the sequel. 



