AN ok<h;i; \lilic sKK'IVII OP KOREA 33 



and in these intermural hermit-towns the people seek in vain b 

 peaceful life. 



a. THE LIAU-TUNG RANGE. 



The earth-movements that disturbed and uplifted the Kai-ma 

 Land are mainly dislocations and not folds ; consequently the distur- 

 bance should be classed in the same category as that which created the 

 Korean and the Han-san systems. / can without difficulty distinguish 

 hree ridges, which run parallel to one another in the Liau-tung direction 

 and constitute the skeleton of this nortlurn plateau. The two 

 southernmost of these have the steep side towards the south, but 

 it is remarkable that they become successively higher at the tilted 

 edge, when the block is suddenly cut off to a lower level on the south. 

 The tilted edge of this narrow but gigantic block is, as I have already 

 stated, the land-mark of the two halves of North Korea. The third 

 parallel ridge, however, falls away steeply to the north-west; in 

 consequence of which a comparatively low basin is formed in the 

 drainage-area of the Ain-nok and the Tuman rivers, which is limited 

 on the north by the long Chyang-päik-san. 



i. The Myo-hyang-san Pudge. — We can trace this ridge from 

 Kom-san u in Korea Bay on the north of Syön-chhyön 2) towards the 

 eastthroughThai-chhyön, 3; andYöng-byön 4) across the Upper Chhyöng- 

 chhyön Gang 5) in Uöl-lim' :, at the entrance of the famous Myo-hyang- 

 san 7 ' until it culminates at Koang-syöng-kokäi 8 '. The ridge within 

 Phyöng-an Do is of moderate height, though presenting a sharp 

 outline ; but after entering Ham-gyöng Do it assumes an imposing 

 appearance, marking the south brink of the Eastern Kai-ma plateau. 



1) m\h- 2) ;tji|. 3) «ji|. 



4) m&- 5) mm 



6) ftlfo. hence the upper course of the river is named the Uöl-lirn Ganp. 



7) $#m or Hyanp-san. 8) SWA- 



