AN OEOGRAJ HIC SKETCH OF KOREA 3g 



lite, gneiss and gneiss-granite with a northerly dip. The same ridge 

 seems to continue to the other side of the Liau-tung depression ai I 

 wu-lii-shan. This had been asserted a century before by a Korean 

 geographer 13 whose statemenl is now reaffirmed by Dr. Ë. v. Cholnoky, 

 It seems to me thai the further north we go, the younger is the geolo- 

 gical event which lifted up the Mock on the south edge with northerly 

 slant. 



The Am-nok-Tu-man Gang basin is in one of these valleys of 

 compound step-fault** which is at the same time one of the widest. 

 Had not the lava from the Paik-tu-san volcano, the highest point of 

 the Chyang-päik-san, flowed down to the south, and partially filled up 

 the bottom, we should have a comparatively low trench through which 

 an easy path might lead from Possiet Bay to the Angle of Mao-êrh- 

 shan in the upper Am-nok. An elevation which separates the two 

 rivers is the pass of Hyöi-saii-nyöng 3) whose altitude possibly does not 

 exceed 700 meters. During the Augustine age of the Liau 4) dynasty 

 (910-1125) their sovereigns yearly sent an expedition through this 

 valley to get falcons from the Lower Tu-man. Hence the way through 

 the two rivers was called the Falcon road or Eung-no. 6) It is now en- 

 tirely forgotten, and, as we see now, the upper Tu-man is a pathless, 

 impenetrable forest. It was not Nature, but man who drove civiliza- 

 tion out of this region, and the fact that the region lies near the sacred 

 home of the Manchu dynasties, has greatly contributed to this condi- 

 tion of abnormal retrogression. 



1) I-Chyung-hoan. Fide ante p. 6. 



•1) Exactly speaking, the present case is what the miners cull the hading against the dip, 

 and the "parallel fault planet are all inclining in the same sense. 



3 » ÜUjH 4 * Liau or Kitans or Cathay (SJH). 5) 



