AN OROGE LPHIC BKETCH 01 KOREA 45 



passage of waters from a greal number of tributary rivers on the 

 higher eastern level to the western lowland of Phvong-yangr, which ia 

 a1 the same time the largest inland basin of Korea. The Dame Tai- 

 dong Gang itself signifies a greal confluent stream. 



Ma^sinjS-njonp Pass 



Mai -111 ör i -sail , «._«. . , ' 



A-ho-bi-nyöng 



Chiu-kokài 



Thy.ng-xj,^ Kari/?7 J J I »..„MA J 

 Cliin-nam-pno J ■ ■ .... J Mal-mot 



Gan-san 1o Chin -nam phn through /'hi/ong-i/anq 



Scale 1:750,000. Vertical X 2. 

 Fig 5.— Profile irun the free port of Gen-san (Wön-san) to that of Chin nam -pho in the Yellow Sea through the 

 old capital Phyëng-yang and the high pass of Ma-sing-nyöng (1020 m.)- Tlii-i cross-section shows 

 clearly the Mittelgebirge character of the PaXeo-Chyosy'on land, rising higher as we go eastwards towards 

 the Sea of Japan. The profile poes through the narrowest part of the peninsula; and we have to cross 

 the lengthwise ridges during a traverse from the shore of the Yellow Sea to that of the Green Sea. Thej 

 are the ridges of the Yuk-chyang near Kang-dong, the Mal-möri, the Chin-kokâi, the A-ho-bi-nybng 

 and the Ma-sing-nyöng. 



A mythic personage, Tan-gun, 11 the father of the Korean kings, 

 came down to the top of Myo-hyang-san, already mentioned, and at 

 first chose Phyöng-yang 2) for the capital of the Tan-gun Chyo-syön 3) 



dynasty. This was followed by the Keui-si Chyo-syün 4 ' and Ui-si 

 Chyo-syön S) dynasties. Their domains embraced the Jntersertal and 

 a part of South Manchuria. As the Koreans now call these old 

 dynasties (B.C. 2317-209) collectively Ko-chyo-syon, fij I will here- 

 after speak of the realms of these old kingdoms the land of Paleo-Chyo- 

 syön. 



The region is mainly built up of granitic rock and grey thinly- 

 tabular limestone, which complex is, geologically speaking, shattered 

 into diverse blocks. The downthrows are of nearly the same 

 magnitude, and during my flying visit it was extremely difficult to 

 decide which had the priority and which the supremacy over the 

 other. The results of the shattering are, of course, detached blocks, 



j) «g. 2) 2p&. 3) tfivmi 



6) TEflflSl! Under the Chinese rule, the region was called Nang-nang (*J*iRi. 



