\\ OEO IBAPHIC BKETCB OF K'Oi;i;\ 53 



the type of South Korea though on ih< i average considerably lower. 

 Consequently, the land gradually rises towards the east and most of 

 the large rivers, such as the Am-nok, Chhyöng-chhyön, Tai-dong, 

 Yöi-syöng, [m-jin, Han-gang, Keum-gang and Yong-san-gang empty 

 into the Yellow Sea . 



//) r riic physique and temper of the people in both halves differ 

 in no small measures. 



The peninsula of Korea presents most interesting problems in 

 the arrangement of its mountains and in its underground structure. 

 Professors F. v. Richthofen 2) and C. Gottsche 3) have made an 

 attempt at their solution. On my return home from Korea this 

 year, I had the great pleasure of reading- SüESS' Antlitz der Erde 4) which 

 was soon followed by Richthofen's Geomorphologischen Studien aus 

 Ostasien, I, II, and III. The former author scarcely touches our 

 peninsula, while the latter lets his Tungusic curve pass through the 

 brinks of the East Kai-ma Land as far as to Ho-do (Hoa-do) near Ilam- 

 heung, and makes the Korean curve start anew from here and go 



1) See Figs. 1 and 2 in p. 22 ; Figs. 3 and 4 in p. 40, and Fig. 5 in p. 45. 



2) Vide ante p. 4. Whenever I read his work on China, I am iuipressid with the great skill 

 with which he treats the difficult names of that country. The method of correctly writing and 

 transliterating in Roman letters geographic names outside of Europe and America is a matter 

 always confronted with many difficulties. F. v. Richthofen's monumental work: China, is in 

 this respect the first of the kind in all geographical literature. His painstaking study of the 

 local ideography, combined with Sir Wade's system, eventually enabled him to give a true re- 

 production of the pronunciation of both the personal and geographic names of China. The 

 nomenclature of that country, at least in the German-speaking circle, now seems to have been 

 brought into uniformity by this great authority on the subject. 



I experienced the same difficulty in Korea, that Richthofen had in China; for though the 

 Koreans and the Chinese use the Käme ideographic symbols, yet they attach different sounds to 

 them ; just as in the case of one and tie same character our own pronunciation differs from that 

 of the Chinese. I was therefore obliged to compile with the help of Mr. Kanazawa, h li-t of 

 about 3,000 Korean geographic d names in the romanized form. This list, bearing the title: 

 A Catalogue of Geographical Names of Korea, is now in press. A geographic map on the sc 

 1 : 2,000,000 will come out within a few days bearing my system of transliteration. 



3) Loc. cit. See page 4. 4) Band III, Tart I. 



