184 s. GOTO : 



small spines lying between the outer of the two above mentioned 

 rows on the one hand and the secondary ridge and the first 

 adambnlacral plate on the other. 



Ventrolaterals. — These are very small, as in Astrop. scoparlus 

 and Astrop. polijacanthuji^ but they are more numerous, there being 

 from twelve to fifteen of them in one interradius (PI. IV, fig. 72). 

 They are not strictly paired on either side of the interradial line, 

 but more or less alternate, so that there is usually one wedged in 

 at the distal end of the mouth-plate. 



Paxillce. — The paxillar area at about the middle of the arms 

 is about two and a half times as wide as the superomarginals of 

 one side. The paxillae are tolerably large, and in exceptionally 

 large ones there may be as many as seventeen or eighteen peri- 

 pheral coronal spinelets and about fifteen centrals. The latter are 

 similar in shape to the peripherals, but shorter (PI. IV, fig. 77). 

 The area of small paxillae at the centre of the disk is very small 

 and not very conspicuous. 



Madreporite. — The madreporite is comparatively small, and 

 nearly hemispherial in shape (PI. IV, fig. 79). It is half as far 

 removed from the inner margin of the superomarginals as from 

 the centre of the disk. It is usually more or less exposed, and 

 the exposed surface is covered with granules, which are generally 

 minute in smaller specimens and are therefore not apparent, but 

 which may grow tolerably large in some large specimens, and 

 show a more or less definitely radial arrangement (PI. IV, fig. 

 78). In a few specimens observed by me the madreporite was 

 nearly midway between the margin and the centre of the disk. 



Terminal jüate. — The terminal plates are large and distinctly 

 bilobed. 



