JAPANESE ASTEROIDEA. 231 



"Breadth of arm at base 7 .5.5 



" Distribution. East and western sides of northern part of Atlantic to 

 Ai-ctic Ocean, 20-690 fms. 



" a, b. Faei-oe Channel, 1312 fms. ' Porcupine ' Kxp. (St. 82). 



" c, d. Between Faeroe and Shetland, 640 fms. ' Porcupine ' Exp. 

 (St. 65)." 



Heedman [ '92, -p. 89] probably refers to tliis species under the name 

 of Astropeden ardicus, and Noeman mentions it from the Trondhjem Fiord, 

 Norway, under the name of Leptophy caster ardicus [ '93, p. 346]. He adds, 

 " Tliis species has not, I think, been found to the south of the Trondlijem 

 Fiord." 



Veeeill refers to this species under the name of LeptopÂycliaster arcticus 

 as follows [ '94, p. 255] : " Our series of specimens show various gradations 

 in the relative length of the rays, some of them agreeing in tliis and other 

 respects with the form described as a variety by Sladen. His variety was 

 taken off New Jersey, in 1,350 fathoms. I am unable to make out any 

 definite diagnostic characters for this form. 



" This species has been taken at many stations off om* coast, in 50 to 

 547 fathoms, but always in small numbers." 



Veeeill again makes the following remarks [ '95, -p. 133] : " B [atliy- 

 metrical] range, 50 to 965 fatli. (1350 fath ; Sladen). Most common in 85 

 to 200 fathoms ; rare at greater depths. Taken at 23 stations, from N. lat. 

 45° 14' to 38° 29'. It always occurred in small numbers. It is also found 

 off the noi-theru coasts of Europe. Two closely allied s^Decies are found in 

 the Antarctic Ocean." 



Sluiter [ '95, p. 53] mentions it in the collection of the Museum 

 of Amsterdam : " Leptoptycliaster ardicus (Saes) Sladen. Sehi- zalih-eiche 

 Exemplare in Alkohol von der Barents See, 72° 14'— 72° 36 NB. 22° 30'— 

 25° 38' OL. Gr. aus einer Tiefe von 140—155 Faden." 



Ludwig [ : 00, p. 452] gives a very full list of previous literature and a 

 good account of the distribution and habitat of this starfish, as follows : 



"Westatlantisch findet sich diese subarktische Art an der Ostküste von 

 Noixlamerika vom 38-45° n. Br. (Veeeill 1873, 1878, 1882, 1885, 1894, 



