454 s. GOTO : 



can also bo made out outsido the former, terminatins: at a 

 short distance from the tip of the arms. The rest of the ventro- 

 lateral area is covered with plates, the boundaries of which are 

 not so apparent as in the two series just mentioned, and this is 

 especially the case near the mouth. The ventrolateral plates are 

 covered with granules, which become coarser or even spiniform 

 towards the mouth, and bear numerous pedicellarise, which may 

 be distinguished into three forms. Close to the mouth and also 

 more or less on either side of the ambulacral furrow there are 

 forcipiform pedicellarias of tolerable thickness (PI. XVI, fig. 246). 

 Some of them may be exactly similar in form to those on the 

 adcentral border of the adambulacral plates, but most of them are 

 more llattened. There may be some ten of these pedicellariae at 

 the mouth corner in each interradius. The majority of the pedi- 

 cellariœ on the ventrolateral plates are valvate and more or less 

 elongated transversely (PI. XVI, fig. 247). The third form is in- 

 termediate between the two foregoing and have almost square 

 valves (PI. XVI, fig. 248). The number of pedicellariae on one 

 ventrolateral plate usually docs not exceed three. 



Ahactinal side. — The abactinal plates are arranged in rows 

 parallel with the lateral borders of the body, except at the ends 

 of the arms where the plates are more or less rounded and closely 

 crowded together, leaving only very small pore areas between. 

 There is a distinct carinal series of plates in each arm, some of 

 which are raised into tubercles bearing either a spine or a teat- 

 like granule at the tip. At the adcentral end of each series is a 

 large, conspicuous, conical tubercle tipped with a pointed conical 

 spine, and spreading out at the base into eight trabecular pro- 

 cesses, by means of which it is connected with the neighbouring 



