610 s. fiOTO: 



size away from the mouth (PI. XVIII, fig. 206). When this series 

 is removed there may be found a few spines nearly similar in 

 form imbedded in the leathery skin covering the mouth-plates on 

 the actinal side, corresponding to the outer series of adambulacral 

 spines. 



The madreporite is plane or concave and is exposed on the 

 surface ; it is irregularly elliptical in outline, and is covered 

 with irregularly radiating fine grooves. It is situated about mid- 

 way between the centre of the disk and the margin (PL XVII [, 

 fig. 269). 



My alcohohc specimen has rr= 39-43 mm., 11 = 79-85 mm. 

 (3btained at Kyamu Saki, Okinawa Island. i\.lcoholic specimen 

 in S. C. ; two dried specimens in I. M. 



G YMNASTERIWyE. 



Gtjninastei'ia carinifera (Lamarck). 



(PI. XYin, figs. 270-271.) 



According to Fisher [: 08a, p. 90] tlie oldest valid name for this star- 

 fish is Asterope carinifera auct: Müller et Troschel [Müller, '40, p. 140, 

 April], which should therefore be used by those avIio would uphold the laAv 

 of priority at any cost. The next name in point of publication was Asterop- 

 sis carinifera auct. Müller et Troschel ['40a, p. 322, about September], 

 and Gray's Gymnasteria was published only in December of the same year 

 {ßcle Fisher). I have however used the name which is by far the best 

 known. 



Notwithstanding the doubt expressed by Perrier on the point, as given 

 below, the first description of this species is generally attributed by authors 

 to Lajviarck, whose Asferias carini/era is identified Avith the present species. 

 It is the thirteenth species of Asterias in Lamarck's work ['IG, p. 55G] and 

 is described as follows : 



