CAXADIAX FISHERIES EXPEDITIOX, lOl't-LJ 



271 



rule calmer, with fewer solenoids. It is therefore advisable to commence from below, 

 with O, and then let the perturbations in the upper water layers appear through th^ 

 greater number of solenoids there present. The lowest level from which measurements 

 are available will then be the starting point, and the number of solenoids will be shown 

 as from this level to all levels above. Column 7 in table 3 shows the sums of the 

 solenoids. 



om 



100 - 



200- 



300 



400- 



Fig. 52. — Amount of solenoids in section IX 



Obviously, the number of solenoids as thus calculated will depend upon the dis- 

 tance between the stations. The farther one station lies from another, the greater will 

 generally be the number of solenoids found between them. In order to obtain a cor- 

 rect idea as to the solenoid intensity in the sea, it will therefore be best to reduce the 

 number of solenoids to a certain normal horizontal distance, e.g. 100 km. The distance 

 between station 34 and 35 in section IX is 62 km. By multiplying the number of sole- 

 noids by 100 and dividing by 62, we obtain the normal values for this particular case. 

 This operation should be carried out with the figures in columns A and 7 of table 3. 

 Columns 8 and 9 contain these normal values. The figures in column 8 show the num- 

 ber of solenoids in 1 metre layers for 100 km., i.e. affords a measure of the variation in 

 density in a horizontal direction, and column 9 the number of solenoids per 100 km. 

 from the different levels of measurement down to the greatest depth from which observ- 

 ations are available. The figures in column 8 furnish the best means of indicating the 

 intensity of the Archimedean forces in the section, while those in column 9 best show 

 the effect of the forces in question. 



Coming now to the question of publishing these different values for the number 

 of solenoids between all pairs of stations in Dr. Hjort's sections, we may begin with 



