358 DEPARTMENT OF THE NATAL SERVICE 



Temperature. — There is a similar difference in the temperature. The surface 

 temperature being highest (11-5° C.) at the eastern station, and falling rapidly to 

 3-6° C. at the bottom (28m.). At station 4 the surface temperature is 8-6° C, and 

 the bottom temperature 7° C (20m.). 



Section I. Stations 5-lJf. 



This section runs from off Escuminac point over Anticosti east bank to Natashkwan 

 bank near the north shore, crossing the Laurentian and Anticostian channels to the 

 north and south of the former bank. This section represents the first attempt to get 

 a general view of the changes caused by the in- and out-flovping currents of the St. 

 Lawrence river. 



Salinity. — In the southern part of the section, as far as stations 8 and 9 we find 

 coastal water down to a depth of 25-15m. deepest at the southernmost station. At the 

 two northern stations near the north shore the coastal water goes down to 10m. The 

 rest of the surface is occupied by intermediate water, which on the slopes of the 

 southern banks goes down to about 80m. at Anticosti bank, nearly touches the bottom at 

 50m. and keeps to the latter depth over the Anticostian channel. Bank water covers 

 the Anticosti bank down to a depth of about 110m. on the southern side and 130m. on 

 the northern side. The 33 Voo isohaline in the main runs at a depth of 120m. over 

 both channels. No observations were taken deeper than 200m. in any of the channels. 

 At this depth a salinity of 33.80*^/00 was found in the Laurentian channel near the 

 northern slopes (station 10), and 33.51 Voo at station 13 in the Anticostian channel. 



Temperature. — The surface temperature is highest, up to 10° C, in the south, and 

 falls towards a minimum (6.45° C), at station 10. Towards the north shore it attains 

 8° C, at station 14 over ISTatashlvwan bank. At a depth of from 25 to 50m. the temper- 

 ature falls below zero. The upper 0° isotherm has a very undulating course, at two 

 1 Idtes extending a little below 50m. This undulating course corresponds to the rapidity 

 of the decrease of the temperature from the surface downwards. At most stations the 

 decrease is most rapid at a depth of 20-25m. The lower 0° isotherm lies at a depth of 

 120-150m. over the Laurentian channel and about 160m. over the Anticostian channel. 

 The minimum, below -^- 1° C. lies between 50-75m. over the former, and between 

 60-lOOm. over the latter channel. The highest observed temperature in the depth of 

 the southern channel is 3.0° C. and in the northern 1.2° C. bxDth at 200m. 



Section II. Stations lJf-18. 



This section runs from station 14 over C. Wittle bank towards the ISTewfoundland 

 coast, crossing the Esquimau channel (the deep channel running through Belle Isle 

 strait). 



Salinity .—Coastal water is found from the surface down to 15-20m. at the two first 

 stations. The surface over the Esquimau channel is occupied by intermediate water, 

 which here extends down to a depth of about 50m., while over the western banks it is 

 restricted to the strata between 20-35m. From here we find bank water down to a depth 

 of lOO'-120m.., and below this we find only slope water with a salinity of 33.69*'/oo near 

 the bottom (250m.) at the deepest station (station 16). The surface salinity thus falls 

 0.5 Voo lower over the western channels than over the Esquimau channel, and no coastal 

 water is found at station 18 near the Newfoundland coast, the surface salinitv being 

 there 31.25 Voo. 



Temperature. — The surface temperature decreases but somewhat unevenly from 

 west to east from 8° C. at station 14 to 5-95° C. at station 18. The decrease down- 

 wards is most rapid over the banks, where the 4° isotherm is found at a depth of about 

 13m., while over the channel it sinks to about 25m. The layer of water having a 



