312 



INDEX 



27, 45, 48, 56, 84, no; stability of, 25, 

 34; surface of, 25-27, 30, 31, 33, 44, 45 



Echidna, 235 (Fig.) 



Echinodermata, 118, 130, 131, 291; see 

 Echinoderms 



Echinoderms, 66, 130, 171, 291; see 

 Echinodermata 



Edaphosaurus crjiciger, 188, 189 (Fig.) 



Edentates, 236, 237, 259 



Eel, 173, 176 



Egypt, 269 



Ehrenberg, D. C. G., 90 



Ehrlich, Paul, 57, 247 



Elasmobranchii, 292; see Elasmobranchs 



Elasmobranchs, 168; see Elasmobranchii 



Elasmosaitrus, 208 (Fig.) 



Eldonia Iiidwigi, 126, 127 (Fig.) 



Electric organs, 176 



Electricity, see Energy, electric, of elec- 

 tricity 



Electrons, 59, 97, 98, loi, 117 



Electroplaxes, 176 



Elements, chemical, 4-6, 14, 18, 19, 30, 31, 

 33-36, 45, 52, 54, 56, 59; evolution of, 3; 

 life, see Life elements; metallic, 47, 48, 

 54, 55, 64, 88; non-metallic, 47, 54, 55, 

 66, 88; radioactive, 28, 56 



Elephant, 219, 261, 264, 269-273, 279, 292; 

 see Elephas 



Elephas, 269 (Fig.), 270; see Elephant; 

 primigenius, 271 (Fig).; see Mammoth, 

 woolly 



Elimination, 99, 137, 220, 271; see Extinc- 

 tion 



Elpidiida?, 126 



Embryo, 106, 108 



Embryonic stages, 106, 108, iii 



Empedocles, 7, 8 



Endocrine organs, 74 



Ettdothiodon, 190 (Fig.) 



Energy, i, 3, 4, 10, 11, 17, 18, 20, 70, 91, 

 95, 100, 105-107, no. III, 144, 145, 281; 

 capture of, 14, 16, 17, 48, 80, 87, 152; 

 chemical, 14, 44, 113; concept of life, 10- 

 23, 281; conservation of, 12, 13, 15, 18, 

 51, 53; degradation of, 11, 14, 53; dis- 

 sipation of , II, 14, 15; electric, 39, 48, 52, 

 53, 55, see Energy of electricity, Ioniza- 

 tion; four complexes of, 18-23, 98, 99, 

 145, 147, 154; kinetic, 13, 14, 21, 285; 

 latent, 19, 278, 280; life a new form of, 5, 

 12; life due to an unknown, 6, 12; life- 

 less, 48, 57; living, 48, 51, 55; mechan- 



ical, 14; of electricity, 12, 176; see En- 

 ergy, electric; Ionization; of gravitation, 

 II, 12, 18; of heat, 12, 14, 53, 99, 100, 

 113, 254, 280; see Cold; Earth, heat of; 

 Solar heat; Sun, heat of; Temperature; 

 Volcanic heat; of life, 1 1 ; of light, 12, 43- 

 45, 48, 49, 71, 99, 100, loi, 113; see 

 Heliotropism, Light, Phosphorescence; 

 of motion, 10, 12, 14, 53, 280; see Motion, 

 Newton's laws of; Velocity; of radio- 

 activity, 26; of reproduction, 18; po- 

 tential, 13, 15, 19, 21, 285; physiochem- 

 ical, 20, 22, 48, 58, 95, 99, 150; radiant, 

 II, 14, 41, 285; release of, 14, 17, 18, 55, 

 61, 80, 152, 280, 285; storage of, 14, 16- 

 18, 80, 87, 152, 280, 285; transformation 

 of, II, 13-15, 17, 278-280 



England, 207 



Environment, 20, 70, 120, 135, 137, 142, 

 143, 147, 177, 232, 238, 241, 247, 248, 

 253-259, 271, 272, 275, 283; inorganic, 

 18, 21-23; four great complexes of, 18, 

 25; life, 19, 21-23, 82, 91, 98, 99, 105, no, 

 147, 154. 232, 233, 244, 253, 254, 278; 

 lifeless, no; living, 145; physical, 98, 

 107, 145, 154, 159, 233, 244, 253, 254, 

 278; physicochemical, 147, 160, 232, 254; 

 primordial, 24-42 



Enzymes, 15, 42, 57, 59, 69, 72, 73, 87-89, 

 106, 116, 150, 246, 280, 287 



Eocene, 135, 200, 218, 236, 241, 255, 256, 

 258-261, 263, 264, 268, 269, 274 



Eolitanops, 263 (Fig.), 264; borealis, 264 

 (Fig.); gregoryi, 265 



Erosion, 26-28, 30, 32 



Eryops, 178, 180, 182 (Fig.), 183 (Fig.), 186, 

 190 



Eucken, Rudolf, 8 



Ejidendriiim, 113 



Euglena, 113 



Eumicrerpelon, 179 (Fig.) 



Eurasia, 255 



Europe, 79, 82, 164-166, iSo, 182, 183, 190, 

 191, 194-196, 205, 206, 208, 209, 237, 

 255, 256, 261, 262, 274 



Eurypterids, 121, 125, 132, 133 (Fig.), 137, 

 154, 166, 291; see Sea-scorpions 



Eusarciis, 133 (Fig.) 



Evolution, causes of, 10, 20, 137, 245-251, 

 253; law of, 10; modes of, 238-245, 251, 

 252; of action and reaction, 16, 17; of 

 interaction, 16, 17; of life, 2, 3, 5, n, 17, 

 ig; of matter, lifeless and living, 3-7; 



