JOURNAL OF ANIMAL BEHAVIOR 



Vol. 2 



JANUARY-FEBRUARY, 1912. 



No. 1. 



FORMATION OF ASSOCIATIONS IN THE MAY-FLY 

 NYMPHS HEPTAGENIA INTERPUNCTATA (SAY) 



J. E. WODSEDALEK 



From the Zoological Laboratory of the University of Wisconsin 



Two figures 

 PROBLEM 



While working on the life history and general behavior of 

 H. inter punctata, I observed, on several occasions, what ap- 

 peared to be indications of learning. These cases suggested 



Figure 1. May-fly nymph 



several forms of experiments. Three different ways of testing 

 the learning capacity of the nymphs were devised and carried 

 out, namely, experiments on reactions to objects in their thig- 

 motactic relations, experiments on fear reactions as results of 

 associations with pain, and experiments on the formation of 

 associations in feeding. A considerable amount of work has 

 been done on the learning capacity of higher insects, but the 



