114 



VINNItt ('. HICKS AND II. A. CARR 



speed increases in a more regular manner. The initial values 

 for the rats, adults, and children are, respectively, 10.5, 36.3, 

 and 67.5 feet per minute. The final values in the same order 

 are 79, 64, and 105 feet per minute. 



3. Time and Error (Fig. 7). We find a pronounced distinc- 

 tion between the two groups of rats on the one hand and the 

 human groups on the other. The animals eliminate time rela- 

 tively faster than they do errors, while the human subjects 



Figure 7. Time and Error Comparison. Graphs representing the elimination 

 of errors in relation to that of time. Rise of curve indicates that time has 

 been decreased faster than error. A, adult curve; C, children's curve; R I 

 and R II, animal curves. 



eliminate errors more rapidly than time. The human curves 

 are very uniform, while those of the animals are highly irregular. 

 The period in which the greater elimination of errors mainly 

 occurs for the human subjects is the second half of the learning 

 process. The emphasis upon time by the animals occurs during 

 the earlier trials. During the later trials, the animal curves 

 fall in an irregular manner. That is, during the latter half of 

 the learning, the animals eliminate errors faster than time and 

 at about the same rate as do the human subjects. The main 

 difference between the curves seems to be the matter of speed. 

 The initial time values of the animals are exceedingly high, 



