208 ALBERT M. REESE 



place with high dilutions. One part of acetic acid in about 

 forty-two thousand parts of distilled water give weak reaction 

 upon the heai 1 . 



ii. i % ethyl alcohol is the weakest grade that causes negative 

 reactions. The reactions to higher grades are slower than would 

 be expected from the stinging sensation produced by these grades 

 upon the human mucous membranes. 



12. Cocaine, even up to io%, has no apparent effect upon 

 the skin of Diemyctylus. A 5% solution of cocaine applied to 

 the nasal and oral mucous membranes temporarily inhibits the 

 feeding reaction, and diminishes the sensitiveness to acid, solu- 

 tions squirted upon the head. This result may be due to the 

 general effect of the cocaine upon the system rather than upon 

 the nerve endings of the nose and mouth. 



13. Animals in which both olfactory nerves are cut refuse, 

 for two weeks, to eat meat or earthworms, or to pay any atten- 

 tion to the juices from these; but after recovering from the 

 operation the response to .5% acetic acid is apparently unchanged. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY 



1. Bawden, H. H. Bibliography of the Literature on the Organ and Sense 



1901. of Smell. Jour. Comp. Neur., Vol. XI, pp. II-XL. 



2. Bell, J. C. Reactions of Crayfish to Chemical Stimulation. Jour. Comp. 



1906. Neur. & Psychol., Vol. XVI, pp. 299-326. 



3. Gage, S. H. Life-History of the Vermillion-Spotted Newt. Amer Nat., 



1891. Dec, pp. 1084 & fol. 



4. Jordan, E. O. The Habits and Development of the Newt (Diemyctylus 



viridescens). Jour. Morph., Vol. VIII, pp. 269-366. 



5. Monks, Sarah P. The Spotted Salamander. Amer. Nat., Vol. XIV, pp. 



1880. 301-374. 



6. Pike, Col. Nicholas. Some Notes on the Life-History of the Common Newt 



1886. (Diemyctylus miniatus viridescens). Amer. Nat., Vol. XX, 



pp. 17-25. 



7. Reese, A. M. The Habits of the Giant Salamander. Pop. Sc. Month., April, 



1903. pp. 526-531. 



8. Sheldon, R. E. The Reactions of Dogfish to Chemical Stimuli. Jour. Comp. 



1909. Neur. & Psychol., pp. 273-311. 



9. Ibid. The Sense of Smell in Selachians. Jour. Expr. Zool., Vol. X, No. 1, 



1911. Jan, pp. 51,62. 



