382 C. H. TURNER 



confined within a small cage, the bees of the species studied 

 make certain movements that finally bring them in contact with 

 that side of the cage through which the direct rays of the sun 

 are entering. That this effect is produced, not by a bright 

 patch, but by the direction of the rays of light, is evidenced 

 by the fact that a strong beam of light may be projected through 

 the cage without arousing any response from bees upon which 

 the light does not impinge. A shadow cast upon a bee basking 

 in the sun usually causes it to move. The aroused bee may go 

 to a bright spot on the cage, or to the bottom of the cage, or to 

 the mud cell that is its home. Frequently the bees crossed the 

 rays of light at every possible angle and examined first one 

 side and then another of the cage, as though seeking an exit. 

 These experiments caused Turner to conclude: "These bees are 

 endowed with a pronounced tendency to move in the direction 

 of the rays of light and towards their source; but they do not 

 invariably so react; frequently they make unpredictable re- 

 sponses. Light, heat, sexual restlessness and, perhaps, other 

 factors arouse in these bees an impulse to roam from home. 

 Coupled with this impulse to roam, there is an instinctive ten- 

 dency to seek freedom in the direction of the rays of light. 

 When following this instinctive tendency fails to bring freedom, 

 the bee tries other methods. In this endeavor many bees make 

 haphazard flights in all possible directions; while others, in a 

 more systematic manner, hover repeatedly before the sides of 

 the enclosure. If such behavior can be called a tropism, then 

 these bees are positively phototactic. Without predicating 

 curiosity or logical thinking to these bees, and granting that 

 the behavior of a boy is more flexible, it seems to the present 

 writer that the reaction of these bees towards light resembles 

 more the response of a small boy to the music of a brass band 

 than it does the turning of a magnetic needle towards the pole." 



SENSATIONS 



i. Auditory Sensations. E. A. Andrews (9) has conducted 

 some experiments" which he thinks indicate that termites respond 

 to concussions of air as such. A nest of termites was suspended 

 from the ceiling by means of a copper wire. In a pan of water 

 supported by a concrete wall extending from the ground, he 

 placed an artificial stone weighing sixteen pounds. The nest 



