394 C. H. TURNER 



perature. The maximum distance traveled by the black scale 



was four feet. 



DIVISION OF LABOR 



E. A. Andrews (9) asserts that each caste of the termites 

 has its special work to do. " The workers do all of the mechan- 

 ical work; bite off and transport the wood; feed the soldiers and 

 males and females; clean the males, females and soldiers; re- 

 move the eggs from the orifice on the end of the female and 

 clean and transport them; do all the work of arcade and nest 

 building and all the biting in defense of the community. The 

 soldiers do no mechanical work, except to move themselves; 

 they appear first when the nest or arcade is disturbed, they 

 explore what is novel, lead the advance of processions, stand 

 placed like guards along the side of processions. They respond 

 to anything unusual rather by exploratory advances than by 

 retreat, being the quicker moving and more responsive members 

 of the community. They form the "investigator rather than 

 the soldier caste. Yet they fight, in a refined way, by ejection 

 of a secretion that binds the enemy fast." There is no over- 

 lapping of the functions of one caste by the functions of another 

 such as Miss Buckingham* found to be true among ants. 



HOMING 



Hardy (26) noticed a Diamma bicolor dragging a cricket to 

 her burrow. The wasp was moving backw r ards. Often she 

 stopped to reconnoiter; but ahvays continued in the same gen- 

 eral direction. When the cricket was removed by Hardy from 

 the place where it had been deposited and placed six inches 

 to one side, the w r asp became very much agitated and made 

 a random search, going over the same ground several times. 

 At one time the cricket partly revived, and became somewhat 

 active. The wasp stopped her tugging and stung it again. 



Andrews (9) found that a small object placed across the 

 trail of termites would cause both the outgoing and the incom- 

 ing individuals to halt when they arrived at it. Finally they 

 would construct a spur around the obstacle to the trail beyond. 

 This caused Andrews to conclude that the termites are guided 

 by a sense akin to smell. He thinks they are also partly guided 



* Buckingham, E. N. Division of Labor Among Ants. Proc. Amer. Acad, of 

 Arts and Sciences, 1911, 16, 425-507. 



