410 WILLIAM M. MANX 



probably because of the larvae being in the center of the ant 

 cluster where they can be taken only by a direct attack, a 

 method to which few inquilinous thieves resort. 



Krausse lists a number of ants which are known to possess 

 stridulating apparatus. In some of the species the sound pro- 

 duced is loud enough to be heard 'by the human ear. 



Krausse (27) in Sardinia found carton nests built beneath 

 stones by Cremastogaster scutellaris. Besides C. scutellaris, 

 Lasius fuliginosus and Liometopum microcephalum are Euro- 

 pean ants which make carton nests. 



With C. scutellaris myrmecophilous insects were rare. One 

 specimen of the robber earwig, Euborellia moesta, w r as found 

 in the nest of this ant. 



Krausse (29) observed two ant trails which crossed each other. 

 The trails were made by different species of Messor, and led 

 from nests which were very close together. Ants in the files 

 going and coming showed sometimes a little excitement at the 

 point of crossing, but no actual fighting took place. They would 

 lunge at each other without taking hold. 



Krausse (28) records an earwig, Euborellia moesta as oc- 

 curring commonly in the nests of several ant species in Sar- 

 dinia. Its relation to the ants is that of a robber, and it destroys 

 large numbers of the larvae. Forficula auricularia was also 

 observed to enter ant-nests and feed on the immature stages. 



Leonard (30) records observations made on "honey" ants, 

 Myrmecocystus mexicanus mojave, M. mexicamts and M. melliger 

 lomaensis, all found on the grounds of the Raja Yoga School 

 at Point Loma, Cal. M. mojave prefers a moist soil in w r hich to 

 nest. Leonard believes that the large entrances to the nests 

 are required for the removal of iron nodules encountered in 

 digging, and not for purposes of ventilation as suggested by 

 Wheeler. This new view presupposes large quantities of iron 

 nodules in all regions inhabited by mojave, for the habit of 

 making large entrances is characteristic of the insect through- 

 out its geographical range. 



Individuality in character was shown by a minor worker. 

 When one of the ants had fallen into a moat two workers dis- 

 covered and inspected it without offering aid. Then the minor 

 approached and "showed the liveliest concern. For many 



