418 WILLIAM M. MANN 



begin to forage, to build the nest and to care for succeeding 

 broods. "When sexual forms are developed the organism may 

 be considered to have reached maturity. The phylogenetic 

 history is also similar to that of an organism. A complete 

 gradation exists from the solitary female Hymenopteron, through 

 the small colonies of primitive monomorphic workers closely 

 resembling the female, to the large complex colonies of highly 

 specialized, polymorphic ants, conforming in a most striking 

 manner to the biogenetic law. 



The phenomenon of budding is represented in certain ant col- 

 onies by the production of numerous queens, some of which, 

 each accompanied by a band of workers, separate from the 

 parent colony and found another. Alecithal eggs are com- 

 parable to the diminutive queens of parasitic ants, which, 

 incapable by themselves of founding colonies, enter nests 

 of alien species and use the workers as the nutritive organ, 

 until their own young are developed. These temporary and 

 other forms of social parasites are directly comparable to 

 entoparasitic organisms. Ectoparasitism is represented by com- 

 pound nests of two or more species which live side by side, 

 sometimes mingling freely, but keeping their broods separate. 

 The institutional tendency of organisms is found in the replacing 

 of destroyed workers by the rearing of more, and in the develop- 

 ment by certain workers of ovaries, when the queen is removed. 



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Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard College, 218). Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts and Sciences, 

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3. Champlain, A. B. Notes on Coleoptera from Connecticut. Psyche, 18, 170-173. 



4. Cornetz, Victor. Apropos d'une croyance vulgaire tres repandue touchant 



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