NoTKs ON South Akhican PAi:.\sriKs. 169 



from cysts taken from sheep in the suddle-backed jackal, and r»'t<'iied 

 to this expciiment in the tii-st meeting' of tlie Transvaal Biological 

 Society- At the thii-d jueetins^ of the same s<iciety I dcMnonstrated some 

 exceedingly large cvsticerci from the rooi reebok, which belong to this 

 species. The host in <(iiestion had over 5 pints of cysticerci i}i the 

 a,bdomen, one having a capacity of 4^ oz., another of ."5 J, (measured by 

 immersion in a graduated cylinder, not by weight). Jn this case some 

 of the cysts were abnormal in position, one adhering to one of the 

 testicles, one being between the skin and the abdominal muscles, and 

 a last one wedged in beside the anus. Some of the cysts contained 

 more than one bladder-worn), as )uany as four being found capsuled 

 in one cyst. 



Taenid crassicoUix, Kud. — 1 have identified with some doubt a 

 innnber of worms taken from a Hon as belonging to this species. 



Taetiin irhuiococcun, v. Siebold. — Cysts of this cestode from a horse, 

 from sheep ami from man are in my possession. Echinococcus almost 

 appears to ivie to be common in South Africa. 1 have been al)le to 

 breed specimens from sheep in the saddle-backed jackal. 



Tri:ma'i"oi>ks. 



Fasciola hi'patica (L.). — I have alreatly remarked upon tliis species. 

 I have seen specimens from etjuines an<l bovines. 



Bilhar-:ia haemoJobia (Bilharz) appears to be of frequent occurrence 

 in man, but not to cause such severe lesions here as in Egypt. T have 

 only seen eggs of this treinatode. 



Nematodes. 



Ascaris lanibricoidfs, L. — From children. 



Ascaris equorum, Goeze, appears to be frequent in equines ; 1 have 

 observed specimens from the horse and from the zebi-a. 



Ascaria suitm, Goeze. — From a pig. 



Ascaris niysta.r (Zeder). — At times extremely coumion \n dogs 

 {Asc<iris mysfar, var. cants). T have also observed Ascaris mijsfax^ rar. 

 fells from the black-footed cat. 



O.rynrls eqal, Sch)-auk.- — i have seen several females from e<iuines, 

 including both var. curvula and rar. masflyoidcs. 



Haenwiichns contorfns, Rud. — The wire-worm of sheep is in parts 

 of the Transvaal so common as almost to prevent the keeping of 

 sheep. Its life history has recently been examined in America by 

 Ransom, who finds that the worms lay eggs, which pass out of the 

 body of the In^st in the ihoppings : if the temperature is above 40" to 

 50 the eggs hatch out, recjuiriiig from a few hours to two weeks: if 

 the temperature is below 40 they can lie dormant for two or three 

 months. Freezing or drying soon kills unhatched eggs. The young 

 worm feeds on manure, un<lergoing several changes of the skin. The 

 last larval skin is not shed, the larva lying inside it as in a sheath. 

 In this state it can withstand considerable drying out, and it is at this 



