308 THE UNIVERSAL KATES CONGRESS. 



members : To induce each people to study sympathetically the 

 customs and civilisations of other peoples, since even the lowliest 

 civilisations have much to teach, since every civilisation should 

 be reverenced as having deep historic roots. Papers on these 

 lines seem to me most valuable in connection with the Inter- 

 racial problems because least disputable, though the whole ques- 

 tion is one that in this country cannot remain academic. 



Among the patrons of the Congress were the leading anthro- 

 pologists of the world, members of nearly every known religions 

 body, and the official representatives of twenty Governments. 

 Though the British Government was not officially represented, 

 the Prime Minister wrote, " this refusal must not be taken to 

 imply that the Government do not sympathise with the objects 

 of the Congress." 



A record of the proceedings has been published in which the 

 various and varied resolutions are to be found (for the original 

 plan of passing no resolutions was abandoned), and a permanent 

 League is being formed, to which it is most desirable that scien- 

 tific bodies should belong, for, whereas political work is neces- 

 sarily temporary, scientific work is permanent, aiming only, as 

 science does, to get at truth. 



On the question of the value of religious propaganda I take 

 the following from Professor Caldecot's speech : — 



" Religious propaganda was a recognition of the principle of the unity 

 of the human race. Religion was a matter of persuasion, sentiment, and 

 social order, and could not be associated with force. ' Compulsory reli- 

 gion ' were mutually exclusive terms. No Government should include in 

 its programme, propaganda, and its own religion . . . No Governument 

 should refuse its subjects the right to hear and consider religious mes- 

 sages." 



Quite recently a Commission in this country testified to the 

 value of missionary effort ; more recently still General Beyers 

 did the same in Cape Town, at a meeting presided over by the 

 Archbishop of Cape Town. This, again, is not the view of the 

 man in the street, whose voice is everywhere to be heard, but it 

 is eminently reasonable. In Mr. Evans's book, " Black and White 

 in South-East Africa," this and kindred questions are carefully 

 considered from the point of view of a resident in Natal, who 

 was also a member of the Universal Races Congress. 



Something might be done by this Association to further the 

 fifth and ninth resolutions, which run : 



(5) "To study impartially the physical and social effects of race- 

 blending . . . and to discourage hasty and crude generalisa- 

 tions." 



(9) " To collect records of experiments showing the successful 

 up-lifting of relatively backward peoples by humane methods." 



One may conclude with Sir Sidney Ollivier's words at the 

 Universal Races Congress: 



" The modern conscience which aims at international solidarity and 

 the recognition of the rights of nations, is at least as old as the Christian 



