I'K KS 1 DK N T S A I )I )KKS.S. 1 5 



is equally so in regard to Morality the same officer affirms in 

 adding: "If the negro develops criminal tendencies you will be 

 affected." The nation as a whole loses by every physical 

 degenerate which it produces, and by every criminal which it 

 helps to create, and national efficiency has its standard lowered 

 throughout in proportion to the extent to which its individuals 

 do work inferior in quantity and c|uality to that of which they 

 are capable. 



Herbert Spencer's dictum is worth pondering in this relation- 

 ship : " No one can be perfectly free till all are free ; no one 

 can be perfectly moral till all are moral ; no one can be perfectly 

 happy till all are happy." 



A system of life which persistently ignores the claim and 

 potentiality of the moral consciousness in the working out of 

 these problems is self-condemned. " Any system of ethics must 

 aim to develop character ; it must establish a standard of good 

 and evil; it must judge actions according to this standard and 

 provide an inner check, which will restrain the will of the 

 individual," is a sentiment recently uttered, which has its appli- 

 cation here. 



Shelley sings of 



.... man 

 Equal, unclassed, tribeless, and nationless, 



but that can scarcely be in this every-day world. We have our 

 race-consciousness, our differences of temperament and even 

 of ideal, but we need not exaggerate these. Carlyle once drew 

 a cynical distinction between the respective attitudes of the 

 North and South of the United States towards the black popula- 

 tion in the following way : 



The South said to the black, " You are slaves, God bless you !" 

 The North said to the black, " You are free, God damn you !" 



We need not follow either example. This we must recog- 

 nise, however : every race has a right to existence ; every race 

 has a right to the best of which it is capable of becoming; every 

 man has the responsibility of not hindering other races in their 

 struggle for the best ; every race which seeks the highest for 

 itself will be foremost in helping other races to attain their 

 best, for only in so doing can they reach their own highest. 



Race growth must be slow, but there is no reason why it 

 should not be real growth. To put the practical issue, there are 

 four directions in which native aspiration is revealing itself 

 which seem not unreasonable — 



(a) Fair wages according to the nature of the work done, 

 and the right to the necessities of advancing social life. 



(b) Better housing, with special reference to town residents. 



(c) Educational facilities. 



(d) Political representation. 



With increasing capacity for better classes of work better 

 wages must inevitably come. The housing of natives in and on 

 the outskirts of our towns is a disgrace for which terms of 



