122 PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS SECTION E. 



of witchcraft, I, for one, am all for commencing the attack. 

 Meanwhile, however, there is no question of the continuance 

 of the siege, and we now propose to show that, from the very 

 nature of the case, native education cannot but proceed. 



6. Processes of Native Evolution. 



We have already indicated that native education is to proceed 

 — indeed, more, that it cannot but proceed. But education in 

 all its branches is the great inspiring, compelling, cause of this 

 evolution, and it is well to realise that there are many factors 

 in the process, and that education may flow in more than one 

 channel. Before following up our enquiry regarding the 

 various factors it is as well to recognise that they necessarily 

 overlap at many points, and so are not to be regarded, as they 

 so often are, as operating in separate spheres. Indeed, there 

 is a continual action, reaction, and interaction going on, due 

 to the operating of these factors, and issuing in the three great 

 processes of Education, Civilisation, and Christianisafion ; and 

 on these three buttresses the monument of progress is established. 



In the first place, we see that year by year many thousands 

 of natives are being educated, and pass from school life with 

 a knowledge of the school work, but no adequate idea of the 

 Christianity which brought education within their reach. In 

 the second place, we have another great group of natives, not 

 attending school, but coming into contact with the " School 

 Kaffirs," or with the white officials (Police, Post Office, Railway 

 officials, traders, and missionaries) in the Transkei ; or with 

 the white people in mining and industrial centres, on the farms, 

 or as houseboys in the homes of the whites in different parts 

 of the country. These natives are in a very real sense being 

 educated, though not in the " school " sense, and so perhaps we 

 may reasonably dififerentiate, and say that they are being 

 " civilised." 



Thirdly, there is the great and growing groups of Christian- 

 ised natives. During the thirty-five-year period up to 1911 

 the native population of the Territories had a little more than 

 doubled itself, and the number of Christian converts in the 

 South African mission field had increased fivefold. The pro- 

 cess of Ch'-istianisation is thus of some importance. 



Reviewing the position just outlined, it is clear that one, or 

 two, or all three processes may be directly at work in the 

 uplift of the individual native, and that a man may be in the 

 main the product of education alone, or of civilisation {i.e., 

 race contact) alone, or of the Christianising influences alone. 

 Many and many of the finest members of the Christian com- 

 munity in Kaffirland to-day owe all that they have, and are, to 

 the transforming touch of Christianity. People who sat in 

 darkness saw a great light, and their ignorance was illuminated. 

 But others, again, are. in the main, products of more than one 



