I'RI'ISIDENTIAI, ADORKSS SI-XTION E. 145 



with the old communal conditions and desire title to their land, 

 and it did not come too soon. Any district desirin.e^ to have these 

 benefits is surveyed, each holdin^^ being beaconed ofi and <:[iven 

 on individual title to the applicant, on certain conditions, such 

 as the following: — 



1. The allotment cannot be transferred or alienated without 

 the consent of Government. 



2. No canteen or shop for the sale of wines, spirituous 

 liquors, beer, or malt liquors of any description, shall at any 

 time be kept on the land herebv granted on pain of the cancel- 

 lation of this grant (Section III of Title Deed). 



3. The land shall not be executable for debt. 



4. The allotment shall not be subdivided or sublet. 



5. In case of rebellion the land shall be liable to forfeiture.' 



6. If the holder be sentenced to imprisonment for not less 

 than twelve months, or fails to beneficially occupy the allotment, 

 it is liable to be forfeited. 



The movement thus initiated proceeded at first very slowly 

 indeed. It was, of course, only to be expected that conservative 

 peoples, such as the Bantu are, would not be eager to adopt 

 the new plan in respect of land, especially since from time 

 immemorial they had held and cultivated their land under com- 

 munal tenure, and the whole idea of individual titles was abso- 

 lutely contrary to their genius. In such cases the only wise 

 course is to allow the experience of others to tell, and this is 

 what the administration has consistently done, with the result 

 that neighbouring districts, seeing the benefits accruing from 

 survey, are already asking of themselves for their lands to be 

 surveyed. Bittterworth, Kentani, Nqamakwe, and Tsomo, all 

 of them Western Districts, have already been surveyed, also 

 Umtata, which, though central, is the seat of Transkeian 

 administration. The survey of this last-named district has only 

 just been completed. 



It will thus be realised that the transition from communal 

 to individual tenure of lands is very gradually proceeding, since 

 only five out of the 27 districts have accepted the change. Never- 

 theless, the way is being prepared for the extension of the sys- 

 tem, and in time, no doubt, the whole of the Territories will be 

 included. Already in the surveyed districts it is found that the 

 survey has doubled the revenue. More alarming is the fact that 

 in the surveyed districts, owing to the rapid increase in popula- 

 tion, nearly all the' available allotments have already been taken 

 up, leaving small margin for the future. 



With this radical departure from tribal tenure of the land 

 other changes have been closely associated. It has had a 

 powerful influence in the direction of breaking down tribal 

 custom. The sanctity of garden land, which we have already 

 seen, was largely, if not wholly, dependent upon the fear of 

 witchcraft, is now made dependent upon Colonial Law, and 

 trespass is now punishable in the Courts. No man can, at this 



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