104 



COMPOSITION OF MILK IX CAPE COLONY 



It will be noticed that the average percentage of fat of each 

 herd was well over the 3% limit and that the percentage of solids 

 not fat also compared favourably with the standard. In no herd 

 did the percentage of fat fall below the standard. With regard 

 to the solids not fat, however, 5 herds showed averages below 

 the limit. But as in actual practice no milks are reported adul- 

 terated unless the solids not fat fall below 8% no sample would 

 have been reported as adulterated had such sample been taken 

 in the streets as exposed for sale to the public. It is only in 

 calculating the amount of water added that the higher figure of 

 8 '5% of solids not fat is used. The reason for the adoption of a 

 higher figure in the calculation of results will be dealt with at a 

 later stage of this paper. 



On critically examining the results obtained by the analysis of 

 a sample of milk from each of the 185 cows the figures given in 

 Table VII. are arrived at. 



Table VII. — Showing range of percentage of Fat and percentage of 

 Solids not fat in milks from individual cows, 1908. 



Perce iitai^es of Fat. 



Number of samples containing under 2.5% 



S% and under 2-8% 



•8°/ 2Tl°/ 



" J 5 /o 



., 4-o% 



>. 4-5% 



„ ^-0% 



3-o% 

 3-5% 

 4-o% 

 4-5% 

 over : 



Total number of sainple^ 



34 

 38 



45 

 16 



41 

 i8s. 



(h) Percentage' of Solids not fat. 



Number of samples containing under 7.95% 



7"9s% and under 8-o% 



8-o% ,. „ 8-5% 



8-5% „ „ 9-o% 



9"o% and over 



Total number of samples 



27- 

 8 

 60 

 60 

 30- 



It will be noticed that a very large proportion of these milks 

 showed a fat content of over 3%, only 11 being under thit 

 limit. With regard to the solids-not-fat, 35 were below 8%. Un- 

 fortunately, no information is available as to whether the cows 

 yielding the poor milk were in an abnormal condition or not. It 

 is not unlikely that such abnormal condition of some of the cows 

 may have been the cause of the low results. 



To turn now to the results for the year 1909. Table VIII. 

 gives the quarterly averages for the first two quarters and or 

 the two months July and August of samples of milk as sold in the 

 streets, including adulterated samples. 



