SCYPHIDIUM NAMIYEI. 35 



Irregularly meshed basidictyonalia of the usual appearance 

 are found in a thin connected layer over the places of basal at- 

 tachment. The beams, whicli may be 20 u. thick, are uneven- 

 surfaced with scattered spiny processes. 



The dennalia (PI. VI., %. 10) are spinose stauractins and 

 pentactins of considerable strength. As to the relative quantitv 

 of these, the former somcNvhat predominate over the latter in 

 some places, and vice versa in certain other places. The rays 

 are 90-165 n long (as measured from the center), all those in 

 one and the same spicule being nearly equally long. Thev are 

 thick (up to 20 ij. at base) and taper gradually outwards to the 

 conically or bluntly pointed end. The microspines are well 

 developed. The paratangentials are in a plane scarcely or Ijut 

 slightly concave on the inner side. In the case of pentactinic 

 dermalia, the unpaired ray is always directed proximad. 



The gastraHa (PI. VL, fig. 11) are hexactins and pentact- 

 ins ; exceptionally stauractins. The hexactins seem to be numer- 

 ically the predominant form, though in some places the pentact- 

 ins (with the unpaired ray directed distad) are found in about 

 as great abundance. In the dimensions of rays and in the nature 

 of their microspines, the gastralia are quite like the dermalia. 

 The proximal free ray presents no features of special development. 



The oxyhexasters (PI. YL, fig. 12) occur in very great 

 abundance throughout the choanosome. There is no appreciable 

 difference in appearance between those situated in the subdermal 

 and in the subgastral region. They are of a rather small size, 

 measuring 53-70 u. in diameter. Nearly all are normally devel- 



