CEPHALOPODA FROM THE HOKKAIDO. / 



all the vowels being pronounced as in Italian and all the conso- 

 nants as in English/^ The only difference lies in the sharp 

 consonantal endings of many Ainu words and the existence of 

 the sounds liu and tu in them. 



The writer takes this opportunity to express his best thanks 

 to Prof. BuNJiPtô KoTö and Mr. Denkicht Yamashita for 

 the great encouragement given to him during his geological 

 researches in the Hokkaido. Thanks are also due to Professors 

 M. YoKOYAMA and Iv. Jimbö for valuable suggestions in the ex- 

 ecution of the present work. ]\Ioreover, the writer is under 

 special obligation to the Hokkaido Colliery Railway Company for 

 allowing him to make thorough examinations of the strata of tlie 

 coal field now being worked, and also to its chief engineers, 

 Messrs. Rokurö Oshima and Kiyotsugu Yonekura, who were 

 always ready to make his stay in that region as comfortable as 

 possible. In conclusion the writer wishes particularly to thank 

 Mr. JuxGO Ishizaki who has drawn all the figures except 

 the suture lines. 



LYTOCERAS, GAUDRYCERAS AND TETRAGONITES, 

 IN GENERAL. 



Lytoceras ranges from the Lias to the end of the Mesozoic, being 

 very rich in species, from which many retrogressive genera of 

 normal and abnormal forms have been derived. Where the uj)per 

 Cretaceous deposits are developed, there we always find abnormal 



1) For the pronounciation of Japanese words see Professor Basil Hall Chamberlain's 

 Handbook of Colloquial Japanese. 



