Ator^-TitAL jnvj:stk;atiox üi' TJij; .lArAMitii; jjamijoü jmim:. o 



The Iac(|Ueiini;' oi' tlic iiiiu'i- wall is necessary in ordei' to 

 SL'Cure llie easy pioduetion ot" tlie notes. A roughness of the 

 interior also prevents tlie elearness ot" the notes, and lowers the 

 pitcli sensibly. It' the inside of an nnvarnished pipe be wet 

 tlirongliout witli walei-, its note is remarkably improved. 



In phiyinii the ])ij)e, the embouchure is applied between 

 the lower lip and the eliin so that a narrow arcnlar aperture is 

 left between the lip and the knife-edge, upon which the jet of 

 rair foni the mouth is directed. The pipe is held by its lower 

 part between the thumb and the middle finger of the right hand 

 so that the middle finger rests midway between the lower pair 

 of front holes. The left hand holds the upper part of the ])ipe, 

 the thumb corresponding to the back hole, and the middle 

 finger being phiced between the upper pair of front holes. The 

 distribution of the other lingers will l)e understood. The lower 

 end of the ])ipc should be placed a few cm. above the right 

 knee when the i)layer is seated. To produce the note, the lips 

 must be contracted a little, so as to rightly direct the jet of air 

 upon the knife-edge. Thus, the cavity of the mouth of the 

 ])layer, the narrow opening between the lips and the knife-edge, 

 taken as a whole, makes up a special form of the embouchure 

 of an organ pipe. The adjustment of the lips is not an easy 

 matter for l»eginners so that for most persons it takes a week of 

 training, before a tolerable clear sound is jiroduced. 



The most conspicuous characteristic of this pipe is that the 

 pitch of the several notes corresponding to the different positions 

 of the holes, may be varied within a wide range, l»y simply 

 adjusting the area of the arcular a])erture of the embouchure. 

 This adjustment is usually made by changing the inclination of 

 the head of the i)layer, relative to the pipe. The angle through 



