32 AKT. 10. T. TEKADA. 



small, provided that it is not situated at the open end of* the 

 pipe. For the note Ci, the variation of ?? was at most 3 when 

 the above mentioned irregularity was situated at above 4 cm. 

 from the open end. 



The effect of the slight general conicality^^ on the natural 

 pitch, is known to be of a second order of magnitude. 



The function of the gorobusi seems to be to lower the note 

 for position No. 2, by increasing the resistance of the channel. 

 If the knot is absent, the note Avill be a little too high and the 

 interval of the note above the gravest note will be too great. 

 Besides, it is suspected that the strength of the pipe due to this 

 knot has something to do with the tone of the pipe. This is a 

 question still to be studied. 



The irregularity of the overtones remains to be explained. 

 For most of the fundamental tones, the vibration of the air in 

 the pipe is chief!}' in the part of the pipe above the open hole 

 nearest to the embouchure ; the principal jiart of the energy of 

 the vibration is transmitted to the external air from the lateral 

 hole or holes. This is shown by inserting in the lower end of 

 the pipe a glass tube communicating with a manometric capsule. 

 The disturbance of the flame is very small compared with the 

 case when the end of the glass tube is driven into the upper 

 part of the pipe or when it is inserted in the lateral hole. 

 However, when an overtone is excited which is higher than the 

 octave of the corresponding fundamental note, the manometric 

 flame communicating with the lower end of the pipe, is set in a 

 forcible vibration, showing that for this mode, the lower part of 



1) K;.yleigh, Theory of Sound, 1I„ 115. 

 lioutet, Ann. d. Chim. XXI, 150, 1870. 

 Ulaiklcy, Phil. Mag. VI, 119, 187S. 



