8 Art VII. — A. Matsumura : 



1858, when the Austrian frigate Novara^ reached Ponapé, the 

 population had been reduced to some 2 »000. This was said to 

 have been due to the ravages of small pox. But according to the 

 investigations of 1915, the number had again increased to 3,600. 



I landed at Ponapé harbour, and visited Jokaj (Chokach, 

 Dschokasch) district situated west of the harbour. The natives of 

 this district, who were dissatisfied with the conduct of the Germans, 

 rose against the authorities on October 18th, 1910, in connection 

 w^itli the construction of roads. They attacked and killed the 

 governor and a few other officials who came on a circuit to inspect 

 the roads, whereupon the Germans obtained the assistance of a 

 warship and suppressed the native uprising. More than ten of the 

 ringleaders were put to death and those who had participated in 

 the uprising were deported to Yap without any distinction of sex. 

 They were later removed to Palau. To Jokaj, however, some 150 

 men and women were brought from each of the four islands of 

 Mokil, Pingelap, Ngatik and Moltlock, which are from 80 to 250 

 miles from Ponapé. So the natives I studied here were mostly 

 these settlers from the above islands. 



Kusaie (Kusai), which is composed of basalt, is situated at the 

 eastern end of the Caroline Islands, between 5° 16' and 5° 23' N. 

 lat., and 162^ 58' and 163- 6' E. long. It is surrounded by a 

 fringing reef and has an area of some 30 square miles. According 

 to the investigations of 1915, the population was only 500, half 

 of wliich number lived on the islet of Lele (Lela, Lolo). This 

 islet, narrow in shape, lies to the east of Kusaie. The name Lele, 

 we are told, comes from a native word meaning " permission.'* 

 On this islet there is a village, which has only 17 families, but 



1 •' Eeise der Oesterreichischen Fregatte Novara nm cue Erde, in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 

 185!)." Wien, 1861, III, p. 396, 



