Ethnography of Micronesia. 77 



studies of Kapitän Winkleri published in Berlin in 18! »8 contain 

 the most detailed descriptions, which have since been quoted or 

 amplified by A. Schiick. Now, according to Kapitän Winkler, 

 the Marsliall Islanders have three distinct kinds of charts, namely 

 (1) the chart for general instruction, (2) charts showing the whole 

 group of islands, and (3) charts showing only a few of the islands. 

 The first is intended to give a general idea of swells from different 

 directions or the intersecting points of such swells, while the others 

 are designed for showing chiefly the relative position of each 

 island and the direction of the swells. Fig. 28 shows the chart 

 in the possession of Prof. X. Yamasaki of the Tokyo Imperial 

 University. It belongs to the first class, several stems indicating 

 the course of swells. 



II. Fishing. 



There are, of course, various methods of fishing. For instance, 

 women or girls in Truk, while standing in groups on reefs lying 

 near the shore, catch small fish, each holding two triangular 

 nets in her hands (PI. IX). Beside catching large fish ni calm 

 lagoons from a canoe, tlie men sometimes also fish on reefs, where 

 they employ a harpoon with several points on its head. These 

 are the methods most commonly met with, not only in Truk but 

 also in other islands, though, of course, the natives have other 

 w^ays of fishing. It is stated of the islanders of Ponapé, who are 

 good fishermen, that " one skilled in this art is always assured of 

 a goodly alliance by marriage, to which his resourcefulness as a 



1 Kapitän Wiulder, " Marin e-Kiindschau," Berlin, 1898, Heft X. English translation: 

 Winkler, " On Sea Charts formerly used in the Marshall Islands, with Notices on the Naviga- 

 tion of these islanders in general," Ann. Eep. Smiths. Inst, for 1899, ^Vashington, 1901, pp. 

 487-508. It is said that this translation is not very polished. See also A. T. Joyce, " Note on 

 the Native Chart from the Marshall Islands in the British Museixm," Man, VIII, 1908, 81. 



