On the Cretaceoas Flora of Russian Sakhalin. 19 



Thus the GyKakian flora, so far as the plant dotormination 

 has been completed, consists of 6 ferns, 2 cycads, 2 ginkgos 

 (species not yet identified), 6 conifers and 7 angiosperms, which 

 show altogether a considerably ancient character, especially in 

 connection with the forms otlier than Angiosperms. We find in 

 the Gyhakian no species which is also represented in the Mgach 

 Tertiary flora. Only Pojmlus arctica and perhaps a few other not 

 yet determined species are common to the Gyliakian and the Dui 

 flora which is believed to be Eocene. The Gyhakian is most 

 closely aflied to the famous Cretaceous floras of the Atane Beds 

 in Greenland, and also to the Dakota, Earitan, Magothy and 

 Patapsco of America, besides the European Cenomanian. This 

 resemblance is made very clear by the very distant relation of the 

 Gyliakian with the still older floras of Kome in Greenland, and of 

 Arundel (Potomac) in America, also with the later ones of Patoot, 

 Fox-HiUs and Laramie. The scarcity of Dicotyledons in Kome is 

 quite in contrast with their abundance and variety in the Gyliakian. 

 If we take, for comparison with our flora, the uppermost horizon 

 of the Potomac Formation, and the Patapsco Bed, on one side, and 

 the more superior flora of Dakota and Raritan on the other, a 

 closer aflinity will appear with the latter. Although the Gyliakian 

 flora has some of the forms closely allied to those in Patapsco, 

 there are in our series some typical forms quite common with the 

 Dakota, as Protophyllocladus suUntegrifolius, Dammara horealis and 

 Bauhinia cretacea. The presence here of the typical Pojmlus 

 arctica, usually found in the highest horizons of the Cretaceous 

 and in the Paleogene also compels us rather to bring up the age 

 of this series into the higher part of the Cretaceous. It is quite 

 probable that the deposition of the Gyliakian was not completed 

 in Cenomanian but continued up to Turonian, perhaps with inter- 

 vention of conglomerates. In Senonian the area was visited by 



