EVERGREEN TREES IN WINTER. 335 



The intensity of transpiration in winter, as the results of 

 my experiments show, seems to be so great as to indicate that 

 the movement of water, or the corresponding activity of the root 

 in absorbing water, still exists, even in winter, in a considerable 

 degree ; and this fact becomes more obvious when we consider, 

 on the one hand, the climate of Japan, and, on the other, the 

 abundance of evergreen trees and also the general structures of 

 their leaves (vide Chapter III and IV). 



Comparimn of transpiration between conifers and other ever- 

 green trees. It was Höhn el who first compared the intensity of 

 transpiration of conifers with that of foliage trees. By repeated 

 investigations, he found that the intensity of transpiration of both 

 kinds of plants stood at 1 : 6/^ I attempted to find out the 

 difference of transpiration between conifers and other evergreen 

 trees in Japan, and for this purpose parallel experiments with 

 both kinds of plants were carried on during my investigations, 

 the numerical data of which are given in Tables I-VIII. 



As the results of the above exjieriments, we found that the 

 difference between them was very slight ; thus if we reduce the 

 respective value shown in Tables III and VIII, for instance, to 

 the fresh weight, and even to the dry weight, of the transpiring 

 parts, and take its average in five species of conifers on one hand, 

 and in nine species of other evergreen trees on the other, the 

 relative amount of transpiration in them is roughly 1:2 or 

 1 : 1.5. 



Thus in Tables III, and VIII we find that the average 

 amount of transpiration are as follows : — 



l)nölinel, Weitere Untcisnchungen über die Transpirationsjcrösse der forstliclicn 

 Holzgewächse.— " Referat " in Just, Bot. Jahresbericht, Bd. VIII. 1, 1880, p. 241. 



