THE MALAYAN ARCHIPELAGO. 101 



organic remains. The Carboniferous belt flanks the axial riclge 

 on the side of Sarawak and Brunei, and appears again in a few 

 patches on the north. Alternating layers of sandstones and 

 semi-crystalline limestone veined with calcite constitute the main 

 bulk of this belt, which harbours the flora of Vertebraria, Fhyl- 

 lotheca, and the bed in the Seba district (the Kinabatangan river) 

 in British Borneo yields Fenestella and Stenopora, while that 

 of the upper Kapua, Western Borneo, affords us 3Iarginifera, all 

 pointing to the rock-system being Devono-Carboniferous. (3) 

 Clay-slate and siliceous slate are developed elsewhere and consi- 

 dered to have the Culm faciès. These three complexes make up 

 the elevated land, which Posewitz termed collectively the higldand 

 formation. 



Quite recently, the first find was made known in the Sambas 

 district in Western Borneo, of the Jurassic system of which the 

 upper series'^'^^ is characterised by containing the oval Proiocardia, 

 and Exelissa, and the Lias^^^ by the occurrence of the genus Harpo- 

 ceras of the group II. radians. In the Residency of Sarawak, 

 Newton^^^ announced the discovery of Alectryonia amor. D'Orb., 

 Avhich belongs to the Middle Oolite. This is all what we know 

 about the Jurassic system of whole Borneo,'^' and this formation 

 seems to be confined to the western region of the island. 



."7) Vogel, Sammvluiif/eii (jeol. It.-Mus. Leiden, Bd. V, S. 128. 



;;S) Krause, ibid., VA. V, S. 154. 



:>9) The Geological Magazine, 1897, p. 407. 



■^ As I liave mentioned in the foregoing page 1)4, Wichinuuui and liulhpletz lirought tu 

 light a few typical fossils of the marine Jurassic, belonging to the Malm and Lias in the 

 island of Rotti. Since then, Martin and Vogel, Krause and Newton consideraldy enlarged 

 our knowledge of the same system in Borneo. Lately, Sagawa found out a fossil, closely 

 resembling Aleclnjonia amor, in Tosa in the island of Shikoku ; and Inouye gave also notice 

 of the occurrence of Harpoceiris of the species radians, Reineck, in tiie province of Nagato. It 

 is the well-known fact that Neumayr in his celebrated essay on the geographic distribution 

 of the Jurassic Formation, includes the entire region in his hypothetical vSino-Australian 



