THE MALAYAN ARCHIPELAGO. 105 



bears the same relation to that of Mexico amidst the Andese- 

 Rocky system, it being a matter of great difficulty to decipher 

 its connection with the neighbouring great mountain-systems. 



Whether the axis of the Malay peninsula sweeps over to 

 the Seratus ridge of Borneo, or the Banka-Billiton line goes 

 over to Cape Sambar of West Borneo, nothing can be said with 

 certainty, though a mere glance at the map would lead the 

 observer to imagine the latter to be the case, though Verbeek^^^ 

 believes rather in the prolongation of the Banka tectonic line to 

 the islet of Karimon Java. One point seems to be certain, that 

 the highland formation with intrusive granites represents the 

 tin-bearing Billiton and Banka with a latérite cover, exactly 

 like the opposite West Borneo ; and the same holds true for 

 the granitic Karimata. 



Cape Mangkalihat (Kamiongan) in the Strait of Makassar 

 appears to have some genetic relation with the north arm of 

 Celebes ; and the orographic condition near Darvel Bay suggests 

 that a ridge gOes through the series of the Sulu Islands to the 

 south-western tongue of Mindanao from the interior of North 

 Borneo, but this remains as a fancy until the geology of the 

 intervening islets becomes known. The massive of Kina-balu 

 in North Borneo should form the continuation of the Zambales- 

 Paragua chain in the Philippines. 



New Island.^^^ — A small island about 100 yards square, rose 

 from the sea during the earthquake of November, 1897. It lies 

 to the south of Banguey, North Borneo. The ground is clay ? 

 traversed by cracks from north-east to south-west, covered with 



48) ' Description Géologique de Java et Madoura.' 



49) Tne Geographical Journal, 1898, p. 298. 



