BETWEEN LONGITUDINAL AND CIRCULAR MAGNETIZATIONS. 313 



gives an additional evidence to tlie above explanation. Moreover 

 that a sudden break of the transverse field gives less increase of 

 magnetization than a gradual diiniiiutioii, and that the increase 

 becomes greater and greater as the transverse iieUl is increased, 

 however slow the breaking process may take place, seem to favor 

 the explanation. 



Summary. 

 The following is a summary of the lesults of experiments. 



RESULTS IN IRON. 



1) In constant longitudinal fields, the magnetization, so long- 

 as the fiehl is weak, of iron wire or tube increases at first, till 

 it reaches a maximum, and then decreases to a value less than 

 the initial, by applying a gradually increasing transverse field. 



2) In fields greater than r)5 C.G.S. units, the magnetization 

 in the longitudinal direction decreases from the outset. 



3) The effect of longitudinal field on the intensity of trans- 

 verse magnetization is exactly the same as the eftect of transverse 

 field on the intensity of longitudinal magnetization. 



4) By first applying the magnetizing field either in the 

 direction of the tube or perpendicular to it, and then another 

 perpendicular to it, the magnetization in the direction of the first 

 application of the field is always greater than when the order 

 of magnetizations is reversed. 



b) The change of longitudinal or transverse magnetization 

 by transverse or longitudinal field is independent of the direction 

 of the field. 



6) The hysteresis curve attending the cyclic change of the 

 transverse field, while the longitudinal field is kept constant, is 



