124 IOWA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Prof. Smith: In one experiment we used it in the finishing 

 period in the other during the whole period. 



Question : What time of the year ? 



Prof. Smith: In the winter. I am thoroughly of the opinion 

 that in cattle feeding, to make it profitable, we have got to feed 

 some form of roughness. If you should withhold roughness entire- 

 ly from a calf, you will find it becomes sickly and they very often 

 die. I have in mind an experiment performed when I was at school, 

 where a steer was confined without roughness. He ate the straw 

 under his feet; we substituted sawdust, and he ate the sawdust. 

 Beef production, to be profitable, presupposes the utilization of a 

 certain amount of rough feed, which the hog cannot utilize. 



I do not want you to think that I am saying definitely that oil 

 meal is superior to cotton seed meal. I have simply given you the 

 results of two experiments as indicated in these tables, at our sta- 

 tion, and those experiments show slightly in favor of oil meal. I 

 want you to accept that simply as the result of two experiments. 



I am convinced that bran is not a very satisfactory feed, espe- 

 cially in the way we get it to-day; so much of the nutrient being 

 taken out and going into the shorts ; the bran to-day is not what it 

 was a few years ago. 



Question: I am feeding some steers weighing on an average 

 1100; they get all the prairie hay they want; how much oil meal 

 would you give them? 



Prof. Smith : The amount of oil meal would depend on the 

 price of the corn. 



The Member: The price of com is 35 cents. 



Prof. Smith: At that price, I would feed more oil meal. We 

 have been feeding in this experiment about two pounds of oil meal 

 per day. In reporting the test of ten per cent, that made it about 

 two pounds per day. This year, with high priced corn, you might 

 find it more profitable to increase the oil meal to 21^ pounds per 

 day. I think two pounds a day wouldn't be far wrong. 



Question : About what are the protein contents in the standard 

 oil meal? 



Prof. Smith : I always give that in terms of digestible protein 

 — right around 29 per cent. 



Question: And in the cotton seed meal? 



Prop. Smith: About 31 to 32. It looks a little inconsistent to 

 think that coton seed meal is higher in protein, and yet we have 



