EIGHTH ANNUAL YEAR BOOK-PART X. 597 



four thousand years ago in Palestine. You can pick him out to-day by 

 his facial characteristics, and by the same characteristics which Jacob 

 exhibited when he entered into that cattle deal with Laban, and in Jos- 

 eph, when he got up that coi'ner in grain. Scan their names and you 

 will find them foremost in finance, in music^ in trade and in politics. 

 They are masters of whatever they undertake. Why does the Jew suc- 

 ceed in spite of the persecutions he has endured? Because he is smarter 

 than the other fellow. It is just this: The marriage of Jew with Jew, 

 the breeding of the racial characteristics, until we know to a certainty 

 when we see a Jewish family, that the child is going to be the same Jew 

 that his parents are. 



And this is the way our type of domestic animals is fixed. You will 

 buy a sire of the best breed. I believe it is more necessary for me to 

 have a good sire in my herd of grades, with his breeding capacity 

 proven, than it is for my neighbor, who is breeding pure breeds entirely. 

 He has the pure blood in his cows. You get a grade sire, the descendant 

 of pure blood on one side and of anything on the other; you breed him 

 with a good cow, and you say he will reproduce the traits of his pure 

 breeding; how do you know this? There is always a tendency to go 

 back to the traits of the ancestors, but how do you know that he will 

 not produce the bad traits, instead of the good ones? He is just as likely 

 to do so. 



Then comes the cross-bred, the result of breeding two pure breeds to- 

 gether. For instance, I will take a Holstein that gives plenty of milk, 

 but it is not rich, and I will breed him with a Jersey who has plenty of 

 richness but not so much milk, and then I will have the excellencies 

 of the two? What is the result? I get the quantity of the Jersey and 

 the richness of the Holstein. It is the old story of avatism, the going 

 back to the original tendencies of the ancestors. Darwin in his "Origin 

 of Species" claimed this, and made the statement that all breeds of 

 pigeons could be traced back to the old Blue Mediterranean pigeon. To 

 prove it, he crosed the Pouter and the Fan Tail and what did he get but the 

 blue tail feathers of the Mediterranean pigeon. We see the same thing in 

 our cross-breeding. When we bring together two pure breeds, we increase, 

 for some unknown reason, the tendency to get the bad qualities of 

 both lines. I can bring this right down to you. It is not the simon 

 pure negro that causes the most trouble; it is the mulatto, who de- 

 velopes the worst traits of both his black and white ancestors. We have 

 the same thing in the Indian. Up in New York, we have not many 

 Indians, but we still have a few, who are a conglomeration of the old Six 

 Nations mixed with whites, combining the evil traits of the white blood 

 in them, with the same traits of their red blood. They are the laziest 

 and most shiftless beings on earth. They won't work if the can beg 

 or steal. I could not help, at the Exposition, but compare them with 

 the real simon pure Indian of the plains. You know they had an 

 Indian village there. These were dignified, a fine type of pure breeding, 

 the other, the evil product of the two races. Perhaps I am spending too 

 much time on this, but I realize the importance of it. 



We had first the grade sire, then the cross-bred sire, but what we want 

 is a pure sire. So we get one, and use him with the herd, and if his 



