EIGHTH ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI. 231 



at once. Worms are the cause of more troubles in pigs and young liogs 

 than is often supposed. They get sick and die and we call it something 

 else, when the truth is that worms did it. For treatment we have found 

 nothing better than santonine. Take one ounce, dissolve in warm water, 

 mix with slop and feed to seventy-five to a hundred head of pigs, de- 

 pending on the age of the pigs. Feed it the first thing in the morning and 

 repeat the dose in three or four days. 



A little further along mange will make its appearance. This is- the 

 trouble that makes the skin look like old leather, dry and wrinkled. It 

 is usually caused by sleeping in damp, foul nests, or by sleeping or working 

 around manure piles. The be-^*-, treatment for this is nitrate of lead. 

 Take one pound, dissolve in K it water and add sufficient cold water 

 to sprinkle thoroughly one hunared pigs. Repeat in four or five days. 

 In bad individual cases, take a scrubbing brush and thoroughly rub it 

 in. Hot, strong soap suds applied with a- scrubbing brush is also very 

 good. Kerosene and lard are good. Many of the dip preparations are good 

 for mild cases, but are not as effective as the others and care must be 

 taken when using them on young pigs. If made strong enough to be 

 effective, they will seriously injure the eyes and give them a backset. 



When the pig is a little older he can expect another trouble and that 

 is pig measles. While all do not have it, it is quite a common July and 

 August trouble among pigs. It is known by the fevered condition and 

 the eruptions around the eyes and back of the ears, and in bad cases 

 covers the entire body. A mixture of lard and sulphur with a little carbolic 

 acid added is very good. In bad cases it should be applied warm and well 

 rubbed In with a cloth. 



These are the principle troubles that will come to the pig while he 

 is small. When he has more age he will become eligible to hog cholera, 

 swine fever and kindred ills, and this opens up a proposition that is fraught 

 with deep mysteries, where the more we see of it the less we know about 

 it; where a cloud seems to come into our lives and fortunes are lost. We 

 will not touch on it for we dislike to think of it unless compelled to do so. 



On every farm where hogs are raised to any extent there should 

 be a dipping vat and it should be used regularly during the summer 

 and fall, at least once in two weeks for pigs and young hogs and once 

 in four weeks for older ones. I know of no one thing that will do as 

 much toward eradicating disease and all the. ills that pigs are heir to 

 as will the intelligent use of the dipping tank. 



Raising pigs can very truthfully be called detail work. He who 

 would make it a success must enjoy the work and must be willing to 

 look after the many details that demand attention and it will pay and 

 pay well. Some think the occupation is crowded. But for the careful, 

 honest young man who likes stock there is now and always will be a 

 place, whether he breed pedigreed animals or raises them for the market. 



While Mr. Johnson gave an excellent paper, it had additional 

 merit in that it called out still further valuable information from 

 men of practical experience. G. A. Munson of Maxwell, Iowa, 

 said he had found an excellent remedy for scours to be Venetian 

 red given in two doses of one teaspoonful each. He, however, 



