Chase.] g^g [September. 



niatical forms after nearly all traces of radical resemblance have dis- 

 appeared. Is it, then, reasonable to suppose, in view of the fact that 

 all changes are more likely to produce difference than resemblance, 

 that such coincidences as those above enumerated are merely acci- 

 dental ? 



VI. Max Miiller's classification of languages, as Aryan, Semitic, 

 and Turanian (the " stream of language rolling on through centu- 

 ries in these three mighty arms, v^hich, before they disappear from 

 our sight in the far distance, clearly show a convergence towards one 

 common source"), questionable as it is, is at least as deserving of 

 respectful consideration as the theory which assigns to the various 

 dialects a variety of origin. 



VII. The Yoruban root da, to create, and its derivatives da . .tvo, 

 to consult an oracle, onida, a creator, appear to me to have an affin- 

 ity, which is not merely accidental, with Algonquin ''Moneda" and 

 " Manitou," Egyptian " ma ntr," Chinese " niang taou," Latin "mag- 

 nus deus," Greek '•'■ piya^ Ozoq^'' and Sanscrit " maha deva." 



VIII. The association of the idea of power with the sun is so 

 natural that it would, perhaps, of itself afford no evidence of lin- 

 guistic unity ; but there is strong evidence of a common origin for 

 the embodiment of this association in such forms as Yoruba rang, to 

 shine, orung, sun, heaven j Malay orany, sun, man ; Bugis arung, 

 king; P^gyptian ra, Phra,* sun, ruler; Burman Phra, lord, Phrahm, 

 Brahma; Sandwich Island ra, sun; Sanscrit ruvi, sun, radj, to 

 shine, to rule, Rama, Brahma ; Latin radio, rex ; Greek vbpavdq. 



IX. Paternal and regal authority are also so naturally associated 

 that there is strong presumptive evidence of family identity in the 

 principal root of Hebrew ahha, father; Chaldean hel, Phenician 

 haal, Carthaginian hal, Yoruba hale, hasile, Greek [jadiXEix;, lord 

 or governor; Yoruban haha, father, master, oha, king, father. 



X. This presumption is strengthened by the fact that (iaadevz is 

 an introduced word which has no direct and evident etymological 

 analogues in Greek, The primitive meaning of the Yoruba hale or 

 hatiile is, however, unmistakably, " lord of the land." The subor- 

 dinate roots also have probable Greek analogues in the genitive ?, 

 the preposition e?, and either in the Xe of dXiuj and Xcac'^uj,-f or the 

 Xec of Xeu)^. 



* Phra=Pi ra, "the sun." 



t Compare Latin mohi, levigo ; Yoruba /u, Chinese le, mo-/e, to grind ; Greek 

 fJ-r'Aij ; English gri)ul, ground. 



