ISCP.l gi-'j' [Lesley. 



monuments of UserKiiF, first Pharaoh of the Vth dynasty (next 

 to that of the great pyramid builders) show the obelisk capped 

 Avith the solar disk.* The name of the third Pharaoh of the I Vth 

 dj-nasty who built the second pyramid, Ra-Sha-F, commences 

 with the solar disk, pronounced last: Shafra.f His immediate 

 predecessor (on the tablet of Seti I.) was also a sun-worshijiper, 

 Tet-F-Pa. The tablet gives even one still earlier, NeferKalla,! 

 near the end of the Illd d3'nast3\ Sun-worshij:! was therefore 

 established in Egypt, at least at Memphis, as earl}' as the begin- 

 ning of the I Vth dynasty. 



But we can go back still a little further, and this time by the 

 help of our fairy tale. It is evident from the whole tenor of the 

 story, that the Sun-god's daughter and the sacred bull of Egypt 

 are placed in strong opposition, and 3'et curiously allied. They 

 are introduced into Egypt in very different waj's. The Pharaoh 

 receives the sun-goddess with the highest personal honor. The 

 common people receive the bull with a national enthusiasm. 

 The one is a palace exotic, the other an indigenous grain. The 

 Egyptians hold a festival because their own old Apis has reap- 

 peared. Pharaoh alone loves the Syrian Thammuz. 



On the other hand there was a foreign connexion between these 

 two opposed deities. The Sun-goddess was made for the Apis, 

 and he loved her. She betraj^ed and slew him. Still he loved 

 her. She again slew him. He made himself her child. Sun- 

 worship in the palace suppressed the national worship for a time 

 — then fostered it — finally married it. The storj' seems to be a 

 mystical account of the revival of Egyptianisra from some Sj-rian 

 solar ])ersecution, like that carried on by the fanatic ;^u-eu-Aten 

 of the XVIIIth dynasty, but at a much earlier date. Although 

 we may also form the theory- that the scribe Annana was one of 

 those sagacious men, who in all ages know how to mould the 

 minds destined to rule an empire, by instilling a state policy 

 which shall compromise between opposing factions or a lofty 

 eclecticism which can mix and neutralize the acids and bases of 

 societ}'. He ma}' have married the sacred bull to the daughter 

 of the sun to teach the j'oung JMeuephta to respect all creeds 



* Reclicrches. De Rouge, p. 79. 



t Or. /aFRa ; or, Cliophen ; he is the first who is known to luive assumed tlie 

 title of Son of the Sun. His banner name was IIor-User-Her Sa-Ra : '• llorus of 

 the mighty heart, Son of the Sun." 



J The tablet of Saggara puts this name as the 5th in the IIcl dynasty; but 

 ■where there is evidently a mistake, the Scti tablet must be followed. The 

 naming of On,— the City of the Sun at the head of the Delta,— in the body of 

 the text, shows where the sun-worshipping parts of the Ritual came from. 



