December 1. 1911.] 



THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 



107 



Rubber Testing Machines. 



IT is worthy of remark that of late years the technique of the 

 rubber industry has ceased to rely solely upon data empir- 

 ically or accidentally found; being guided by the results of 

 the most methodical tests, often of a scientific character. 



With respect to this point, that industry has only participated 

 in the general progressive movement nt)ticeali]e in other branches 



On the other hand, these tests are not sufHciently old to have 

 attained uniformity, through the adoption as standards of the 

 best and most decisive amongst them. Nevertheless, the intro- 

 duction of their standardization has been proposed by certain 

 testing machine makers, who, with a view to the solution of 

 the problem, have produced testing machines which are intended 



The p. B. Dynamometer. 



of manufacture. In both instances the coarse and rudimentary 

 methods of the past have been found insufficient. 



It has proved necessary to satisfy a most e.xacting circle 

 of clients by doing better, and at the same time cheaper work 

 than that of competitors. 

 Hence the task has be- 

 come a delicate one, 

 and manufacturers have 

 been obliged to adapt 

 themselves to modern 

 conditions by calling to 

 their aid chemists and 

 scientists. It is in con- 

 sequence of this situa- 

 tion that, amongst other 

 points, mechanical tests 

 of compounds and man- 

 ufactured products have 

 been developed. Some 

 makers have felt the 

 necessity of verifying 

 their own manufactures 

 by examination and 

 tests, with a view to 

 their improvement. They 

 did so, and their com- 

 petitors little by little 

 realized they had to 

 tollow upon the same 

 lines. In every quarter 

 inventive and creative 

 brains have established 

 mechanical tests, appli- 

 cable to manufactured 



Pierre Breuil System. 



products or to those in process at the various plants. Conse- 

 quently these tests were from the very beginning diverse in 

 character; varying from one laboratory to another, both in the 

 methods and the machinery employed. 



Patent Rubber Tester. 



Schopper-Dalen System. 



to meet the requirements of the largest possible number of rub- 

 ber manufacturers. These machines rapidly achieved marked 

 success and continue to render incalculable service to many 

 factory superintendents. 



DYNAMOMETER P. B. 



The dynamometer on the system of Pierre Breuil has been 

 constructed with a view to meeting all requirements; and claims 

 to be a scientific and industrial apparatus for the testing of all 

 materials. Through the ingenious arrangement of the machine 

 it will allow the most diverse tests to be made and a given 

 test to be carried out under variable conditions. The principal 

 tests relating to the rubber industry are : 



Production and measurement of strains. 



Tests of tension at various temperatures. ] 



