189S.] BRINTON — LINGl^ISTIC CARTOGRAPHY. 197 



Some of the Chiquitos were certainly called Lenguas. Father 

 Fernandez mentions a tribe so named, speaking Chiquito, who 

 dwelt near Lake Nengetures, thirty leagues from the Rio Piray.^ 



A horde of the '' Payaguas " (about latitude 27°, longitude 

 58°) seems also to have received the name Lenguas; as a " Len- 

 gua " vocabulary collected by Cervifio has been shown by Lafone 

 Quevedo to be really Payagua, that is, Guaycuru (Tavolini i, App., 

 p. 21). Doubtless they, too, made use of the labret, (see also 

 Lafone Quevedo, xi, p. xxix). 



From the above it is evident that neither of the names ''Len- 

 guas " or *'Timbues " has any ethnic significance and they cause 

 confusion ; so I have omitted them from the map.- Believing the 

 so-called Lenguas between the Pilcomayo and the Paraguay to be 

 or to have been Matacos, I extend that stock to the latter river, 

 differing in this from the map of Pelleschi. 



The Chanas (Chanases). 



This is another general term which has led to ethnographic 

 errors. It is a Tupi word compounded of ane, blood relation, with 

 the pronominal prefix, che, my, = my relations. 



Cardus, on his map, has correctly placed one of the tribes so 

 named about latitude 22°, longitude 65°, south of the Cliiriguanos, 

 to whom they are affined, both being of Tupi blood. 



D'Orbigny located an early nation of this name ''on the island 

 of the Uruguay, opposite the mouth of the Rio Negro. "^ 



Lafone Quevedo has recently devoted an article to the latter 

 horde (ix). He places them on the mainland, latitude 34°, longi- 

 tude 59°. He also offers some interesting specimens of their 

 language from the MSS. of Father Larranaga. It appears to be 

 morphologically related to the eastern Chaco tongues, but the in- 

 formation about it is too slight to be decisive. It shows clearly, 

 however, that these " Chanas " were not relations of the Tupis. 



Other Chaneses are located by Thouar on his map of the R. 

 Pilcomayo, on that river about longitude 64°, latitude 22' 30°. 



1 Relacion hisiorial, p. 158. 



^"Orejones," "Big-Eared," is another descriptive term applied by the 

 Spaniards to any tribe who expanded the lobes of the ears by artificial means. 

 It also has no ethnic significance. 



3 L^ Homme Americam, Tome, ii, p. 84. 



