248 SMYTH — PERICLES AND APOLLO'NIUS. [Oct. 7, 



Russia and Bohemia. It remains for us to consider its course in 

 English literature. Most curious is the form it takes in Anglo- 

 Saxon, where it exists as the only romance in that literature. The 

 historian must take notice of eight versions of the story in English 

 literature. 



1. The Anglo-Saxon romance (a MS. in C. C. C, Cambridge). 



2. An early English metrical translation (Wimborne, Dorset). 



3. Gower's Co7ifessio Amantis, 1483. 



4. Copland's translation from the French. Pr. by Wynkyn de 

 Worde, 15 10. 



5. TwinQ^s Fatierne of Faineful Adventu?'es, 1576. 



6. Shakespeare's Pericles, 1609. 



7. Geo. Wilkins' Pericles Frince''j)f Tyre, a novel, 1608. 



8. Lillo's Marina. 



The old English or Anglo-Saxon version is believed by Wiilker 

 to belong to the second third of the eleventh century. Ebert pre- 

 fers to date it from the beginning of the century. It exists in a 

 unique MS. in the library of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. 

 Thus before the Norman conquest brought the chivalry and ro- 

 mance of southern Europe into England, some unknown but not 

 unskillful hand, as if presaging the time when the new ideas of 

 courtliness and chivalry should embody themselves in the romantic 

 forms of the Elizabethan age, had translated this universal favorite. 



The MS. was first studied by Benjamin Thorpe, F. S. A., who 

 published it with a literal translation in 1834. It is referred to by 

 Wiilker, Grundriss, p. 504; H. Leo, Altsdchsische und Angels dch- 

 sische Sprachproben, 32-34; B. Thorpe, Analecta Anglo-Saxonica, 

 108 (1846); Miiller Angelsdchsisches Lesebuch, 56-62, and by 

 Zupitza, Anglia, Bd. i, 46^-46'j. The MS. has now been 

 thoroughly edited by Zupitza.^ 



It is but a fragment. Thorpe fills the lacunse in his translation 

 with quotations from Swan's rendering of the narrative in the Gesta 

 Romanorum. Prof. A. S. Cook, in his First Book in Old English 

 (Ginn & Co., 1894), has also reedited bits of the old text. 



1 Zupitza discusses carefully and learnedly the question " Welcher Text liegt 

 der Altenglischen Bearbeitung der Erzahlung von Apollonius von Tyrus zu 

 Grunde?" in RoDianische Forsc/mngen^ Vol. iii, pp. 269-279. The article should 

 be read for the interesting parallelism between the A.-S. and the Latin MSS. of 

 Riese's third class. Zupitza's edition of the A.-S. is in Arckiv filr das Sticdium 

 der netieren Sprachen u. Litteratureny 1896, Vol, xcvii, pp. 17-34; intro, note 

 by A. Napier. 



