270 SMYTH — PERICLES AND APOLLONIUS.. [Oct. 7, 



" This Antioch, then, Antiochus the Great 

 Built up, this city, for his chiefest seat : 

 The fairest in all Syria." 



This is an expansion of the Historia, which simply affirms, *' In 

 civitate Antiochia rex fuit quidam nomine Antiochus, a quo ipsa 

 civitas nomen accepit Antiochia." Twine is the source of Shake- 

 speare's lines in this instance. '' The most famous and mightie king 

 Antiochus, which builded the goodly citie of Antiochia in Syria, 

 and called it after his own name, as the chiefest seat of all his 

 dominions." Twine's version in this as in many places corresponds 

 with the Swedish, both proceeding from a common source in the 

 Gesta. 



When Pericles appears in the palace at Antioch (Act i, Sc. i), 

 Antiochus says to him : 



" Young prince of Tyre, you have at large received 

 The danger of the task you undertake." 



And Pericles answers, '* I have, Antiochus." Here Shakespeare 

 follows the Historia as translated by Twine : '^ juvenis nosti nup- 

 tiarum condicionem? At ille ait * novi ' " ('* Dost thou knowe the 

 condition of this marriage? Yea, sir King, said Apollonius," 

 Twine). 



Singer, Apollonius von Tyfus^ has carefully compared the 

 readings of the play with the corresponding passages in the other 

 versions ; and to his book (pp. 32-67) the student is referred for 

 more minute observation than is possible here. 



When Antiochus declares that Pericles has misinterpreted the 

 riddle, he respites him fofty days, which is the time allowed in the 

 Italian version of Leone del Prete ; the Greek has twenty ; Stein- 

 howel has three ; the French and Bohemian have one; all other 

 versions have thirty. Sometimes a reason is given for the respite, 

 sometimes not. When a reason is given it is usually like that in 

 Pericles. 



" This mercy shows we'll joy in such a son " (I, i, 118). 



(Cf. Heinrich von Neustadt, " Waerstu nicht so ritterlich, 

 schon, machtig und reich.") 



The names of the characters undergo considerable change, the 

 murderer sent forth by Antiochus is called by Shakespeare Thaliard, 

 in Gower he is called Taliart, in Latin Thaliarchus, in Twine Tha- 

 liarch, and in the Vienna incunabulum Taliardus. 



The friend of Pericles, who is called by Shakespeare Helicanus,. 



