THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 



lOcTunKt 



By suitable i)owcr transmission a proper ratio of speed is 0I5- 

 tained between tbe pulling elements, one of which hold the end 

 of the tire while the other serves as a wind-up for the separated 

 fabric. The fabric, as pulled, winds in a roll on the pulling 

 spindle from which it is easily removed. A convenient arrange- 

 ment enables the operator to stop and reverse the mechanism 

 whenever necessary, for he is obliged to pull up by hand an 

 adherine bias end. The machine is actuated bv a fool treadle 



fabric cut liy hand from 



(The Loewfiitlial CoA 



ruLLisG Fabric from Tike Carcasses. The Tread .St,.ck Winds on the 

 Ijkum While the Pulled Fahric Winds on tme Spindle, Each in Op- 

 posite DiRECiiONS. The Products M.*y Be Noted on the Floor and 

 IN the Baskets. 



and is speedy in operation. With such a machine a skilful work- 

 man can strip 25 or more tires per hour, producing practically 

 1,000 pounds of pulled fabric per ten hours. 



The auto treads from which all but one or two plies have 

 been pulled are designated in the scrap rubber trade as "Auto 

 Tread Stock" or "Dyke's Peelings." This is sorted by quality 

 and color the same as the original tires and stored preparatory 

 to baling for shipment to the rubber reclaimer. 



Machine-made tires permit separation of single plies in con- 

 tinuous length from uncut tires. Wide pulled fabric is obtained 

 by cutting away the edges of the tire beads and rctnoving the 

 plies full width, pulling out the bead cores as they are e.xposed 

 in the process. Fabric of this sort is especially adapted to tire 

 rebuilding purposes because of its width. 



STRIPPING TIRE BEADS. 



Tire beads, cut from the tires as described above, contain a 

 core of wire or bard rubber surrounded with rubberized fabric. 

 The latter has distinct value and is removed for rubber reclaiiti- 

 ing purposes. Hard rubber bead cores, ground fine, are used as 

 a filling in low-grade small molded rubber goods, mats, matting, 

 etc. 



STRIPPING BEAD FABRIC. 



The bead circles from the liead trimmer are cut once prepara- 

 tory to prolonged boiling in a tank of water or live steam, where 

 the grip of the fabric on the core is loosened. The stripping 

 could be done by machine, but ordinarily is accomplished by 

 hand power. 



A workman with jiliers frees the fabric from one end. placing 

 the exposed core or center in the grip of a pair of tongs hang- 

 ing overhead, and by direct pull strips down the covering mate- 

 rial of fabric and rubber, known as "coreless beads." 

 GRADES OF SALVAGED RUBBER AND FABRIC. 



.\ descriptive list of qualities of rubber and fabric salvaged 

 or dis.^ected from discarded automobile tires follows : 



Rep.\ir.\ble Tires. 



Stripped .^nd Road-Worn Tires.— Casings as rejected by the 

 motorist. They are valuable chiefly for the friction rubber re- 

 claimable. 



Be-\dless Tires. — Beaded but not stripped. 



No. 1 Peelings. — Rul)ber stock 

 tread and side walls. 



No. 2 Peelings. — Similar to No. 1 peelings, but containing 

 breaker and some building fabric. 



AiTo Tread Stock (Dyke's Peei,ings.) — The fabric carcass 

 minus beads and three or four plies of salvaged duck plies. 



Coreless Beads. — The material stripped from the cut beads. 



Ground Bead Cores. — This slock is no longer valued and has 

 dropped from the market because of its low grade. 



Buffings. — This is a by-product produced in the manufacture 

 of new tires and inner tubes, and in the operations of tire re- 

 pair men. 



Pfi.i,En .Ai:to.\iohile Fabric. — Single or multiple-ply as speci- 

 fied. This is a recent development and is extensively used in 

 rebuilding and repairing tires, and the manufacture of tire boots 

 or patches and reliners ; also in the manufacture of a variety of 

 small rubber articles where strong fabric is required. 



Pulled tire fabric is now an important item of supply in the 

 automobile tire accessory, tire repair and rebuilding trades. Re- 

 liners and blow-out boots made up from sound pulled fabric, 

 properly prepared, are recognized as equal in serviceability to 

 such articles produced from new fabric. The extensive demand 

 existing for this merchandise made from salvaged fabric has 

 induced some members of the large scrap rubber organization to 

 specialize in its manufacture in addition to the work of salvaging. 

 CONCLUDING RETROSPECTION. 



Salvaging fabric in scrapped goods is by no means new. 

 Thirty years ago a mechanical goods factory stripped the fabric 

 from scrapped hose, dipped it in cement and made it up again 

 into garden hose which sold at a very low price. 



So, too, both the English and the French have devised pro- 

 cesses for using finished fabric either with its rubber content 

 or without. French rubber chemists, for example, devised 

 processes for removing the rubber in scrapped tire carcasses 

 without injuring the fabric. One process, the De Villers, con- 

 sists in treating the rubber-impregnated fabric v/ith boiling hot 

 tetrachlorelhane in two stages, together with the intermediate 

 use of a filter press to separate the fabric from the rubber in 

 solution. The fabric is practically free from rubber and used 

 in the manufacture of various small articles for which cotton 

 duck is used. 



In another process, the Debauge, the rubber-impregnated fabric 

 is treated three times with xylol subjected to heat and power- 

 ful agitation in vacuum to dissolve the rubber, the cloth after 

 each treatment being placed in a washing machine with cold 

 xylol to remove rubber particles still adhering to it, also resin 

 and free sulphur, and is finally rinsed and dried in a current of 

 warm inert gas. 



