714 



THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 



LAuGUST 1, 1920. 



replacements, making the totals, 34,044,240 pneumatics and 3,750,- 

 000 truck tires. With nearly 38,000.000 motor vehicle tires in 

 use it is not surprising that some 25,000 vulcanizers are kept 

 busy with repairs and retreading. 



On the basis of 20 pounds of rubber average per car for 

 regular equipment, and one-fourth of that extra for one spare 

 per car, 170,221,200 pounds of rubber were being used last year 

 in American tire casings under six inches alone, an amount 

 almost equal to the total india rubber imports of the United 

 States for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1915, and equal to nearly 

 32 per cent of the United States india rubber imports for the 

 calendar year 1919. 



UNITED STATES TIRE EXPORTS. 



Export business has become a considerable part of the Ameri- 

 can motor tire business as shown by the following statistics 

 compiled by the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. 



-A study of these figures reveals several facts of interest, 

 notably the remarkable growth of tire exports to South America, 

 .Asia, and Oceania. The combined value of the 1919 business 

 in these three divisions was over 35 times the value of these ex- 

 ports in 1913. Exports to Oceania fell off in 1917, but the 

 following year had nearly reached the high mark of 1916. 



E.\portedto: 1913.* 



Europe $1,977,029 



North America l,626,lS5 



South America 100,065 



Asia 36,212 



Oceania 185,807 



Africa 17,952 



Totals $3,943,220 



ceeded the banner year 1916 by 

 more than 8 per cent, showing 

 an increase to more than 6 times 

 the 1913 value. 



Total tire exports to all coun- 

 tries likewise fell off in 1914, 

 but gained in 1915, jumped dur- , 

 ing 1916 to about 4^ times as 

 much as in 1913, dropped con- f 

 siderably in 1917, but showed a |, 

 noticeable gain in 1918 and a gain ; 

 of about 55 per cent in 1919. I' 

 Automobile tire exports for the ^ 

 calendar year 1919 amounted to 

 more than double the value for 

 the fiscal year 1917. It may 

 be said, therefore, that despite 

 the fluctuations of 1914 to 1917 i 

 inclusive, American automobile ' 

 tire exports have shown a great 

 and steady growth, the value of 

 the foreign business in 1919 



1917,* . 

 $3,480,114 

 3,186,265 

 2,595,936 



810,300 

 1,832,244 



424,342 



1918.* 

 $1,460,518 

 4,474,713 

 3,432,181 

 1,194,551 

 2,662,422 

 753,286 



1919. t 

 $11,907,480 

 5,188,317 

 4,986,024 

 2,970,464 

 3,177,431 

 694,943 



$28,924,659 



•Fis. 



year! 



tCalendar year. 



Xorth American exports were adversely affected in 1914 and 

 1915, but thereafter steadily grew until in 1919 they had in- 

 creased 10 over $5,000,000 in value. 



The South American trade has maintained a continuous and 

 remarkable growth throughout the seven years under considera- 

 tion, the value of the 1919 exports being nearly 50 tiiues that of 

 1913. Exports to Africa grew steadily until 1918, when their 

 value reached some 42 times that of 1913, but showed a falling 

 off of about 7% per cent for the calendar year 1919 as com- 

 pared with the fiscal year 1918. 



European exports have fluctuated greatly owing to the war. 

 In 1914 they decreased a little, but increased considerably in 

 1915 and in 1916 jumped to more than five times their value in 

 1913, after which they declined steadily, the value of the 1918 



shipments being only about 74 __ u^ i,,, |,|j u,^ i^,, i,,, ,,1^ 



per cent of the 1913 value. 



The 1919 exports, however, ex- 



haviiig increased to 



seven times what 



TWO NEW VULCANIZATION ACCELERATORS. 



A vulcanization accelerator for which many advantages are 

 claimed bears the trade name of "Vul-Ko-Cene.'' It has been 

 demonstrated in practical work to be remarkably efficient. There 

 is said to be more "kick" in one pound of vulkocene than in 

 three pounds of any other accelerator and it is non-poisonous 

 and prevents blooming. 



A vulcanization accelerator of French manufacture is known 

 as "Vulcazol." The makers claim that it is non-poisonous and 

 requires no special precautions in its use. Only one-half to one 

 per cent on the weight of the rubber is required and the time 

 of vulcanization may be reduced from 80 to 85 per cent and a 

 lower temperature be employed. It also prevents blooming by 

 forming a stable combination with the excess of sulphur em- 

 ployed in the mixing. 



ACCELERATORS UNDER LICENSE. 



The right to use hexamethylene-tetramine, aldehyde ammonia, 

 aldehyde derivatives and other chemical substances as promoters 

 of vulcanization and improvers of vulcanized products, covered 

 by United States patents Nos. 1,126,469 (January 26, 1915) and 

 1,149,580 (August 10, 1915), granted to Hoffman and Gottlob, is 

 now controlled by the Grasselli Chemical Co., Cleveland. Ohio, 

 to whom the patents have been assigned. The right to sell or 

 use any of the substances coming within the scope of the patents 

 in the manufacture of vulcanized rubber is said to be limited 

 to their licenses. 



Passenger-Car Tires for Orici 

 nal equipment. 



"The commeeci.al type" f.nbric tire to fit 30 by 3;4 rims is 

 the most recent announcement of the production department of 

 The Miller Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio. The new tire has been 

 designed to take care of the added weight incident to commercial 

 vehicles. In the past, it has been customary to use either a 30 

 by 3!-< cord or a size larger fabric tire. 



